Blood diseases are a category of diseases that occur in the blood-making system, including leukaemia, regenerative obstructive anaemia and multiple osteomyomas. The prevention and treatment of infection is a matter of vital importance for the well-being of people with blood-borne diseases because of the abnormality of the blood system, the serious impact on the immune function of the body and the significant reduction in the ability to resist infection.
Reasons for the vulnerability of blood patients
The normal blood function of the bone marrow of blood patients is often disrupted. For example, in the case of leukaemia, a large number of abnormal leukaemia cells are growing within the bone marrow, inhibiting the growth of normal stem blood cells and leading to abnormal numbers and functions of white cells. The reduction in the number of white cells, as important defences against pathogens in the human body, or their functional deficiencies, has significantly reduced the resistance of organisms to pathogens such as bacteria, viruses and fungi. At the same time, many treatments for blood diseases, such as chemotherapy, leaching, while killing oncological cells, can cause further damage to normal immunosuppressive cells and keep patients immunely inhibited. In addition, some blood patients may require long-term use of immunosuppressants such as sugar cortex hormones, which also increases the risk of infection. Moreover, blood patients are often associated with anaemia, reduced platelets, impaired nutritional supply and repair capacity of organs of the body, and reduced mucous barrier functions, opening the door to invasion of pathogens.
Types of common infections and hazards
Respiratory infections
This is the most common type of infection among blood patients. Due to direct respiration, pathogens in the air are easily accessible. Patients may have symptoms such as cough, cough, fever and respiratory difficulties. For blood patients, respiratory infections can rapidly develop into severe pneumonia, leading to respiratory failure. Moreover, the inflammatory response caused by the infection further increases the burden on the body, affects the process of treatment for blood diseases and even leads to a deterioration of conditions.
Oral infections
There is a large number of bacteria in the oral cavity, and blood patients are vulnerable to oral infections such as oral ulcer, tooth swelling and mucous membranes due to their low immunity. Severe oral infections not only affect a patient ‘ s food intake and lead to inadequate nutritional intake, but can also be a source of whole-body infections, with bacteria entering the blood cycle through broken oral mucous membranes and causing sepsis.
Gastrointestinal infections
The gastrointestinal tract is also part of the common infection of people with blood-borne diseases. Patients can suffer from abdominal pain, diarrhoea, nausea and vomiting. Gastrointestinal infections can cause intestinal strains, affect nutritional absorption and exacerbate malnutrition among patients. At the same time, pathogens in the intestinal tract may break through the intestinal mucous barrier and enter the blood, causing serious infection complications.
Blood flow.
When pathogens enter the blood cycle and reproduce in large numbers, blood flow infections occur, i.e. sepsis. This is a very serious type of infection that can lead to high-heat, cold-war, shock and death rates.
Anti-infection measures for blood patients
Prevention of infection
Environmental management: The environment in which the patient lives is kept clean and regularly disinfected, and the appropriate temperature and humidity is maintained in the room, with frequent ventilation. (c) Minimize visits and avoid contact with populations with infection symptoms.
2. Personal hygiene: Patients must wash their hands, especially before they come into contact with public goods or food. Keep your mouth clean, brush your teeth with soft-haired teeth and then wash your mouth with salt water or mouthwash as prescribed by the doctor. Keep the skin clean, avoid skin damage and prevent bacteria from entering from the skin.
3. Dietary care: choose fresh, clean, digestive food to avoid consumption of cold, spoiled food. Watch out for food hygiene and regular disinfection of the utensils. Increase body resistance by increasing food intake with nutrients such as proteins and vitamins.
4. Vaccination: Inoculations against influenza, pneumonia, etc. are available to reduce the risk of specific pathogens ‘ infection, as conditions permit.
Treatment after infection
1. Timely diagnosis: medical treatment should be available as soon as the patient suffers from infections such as fever, cough and abdominal pain. Doctors determine the type of infection and the pathogens by means of blood tests, pathogen culture, etc.
Rational use of antibacterial drugs: The selection of appropriate antibacterial drugs is based on the type of pathogens and the results of sensitive tests. In cases of severe infection or unknown heat, broad-spectral antibacterial drugs may be used empirically, but once the pathogens are identified, the medication will be adapted in a timely manner.
3. Support for treatment: While anti-infection treatment, care should be taken to support the treatment of patients, such as the correction of anaemia, the supplementation of slabs, and the maintenance of hydrolytic balance to help patients through the infection period.
In short, anti-infection prevention for people with blood-borne diseases is a long and complex process requiring the close cooperation of patients, their families and health-care providers to take active and effective measures to minimize the incidence and harm of infection and to ensure the safety and treatment of patients.
Diseases of blood or blood organs
