Principles for the treatment of nasal cancer
The treatment of rectal cancer is based on a combination of the tumour stage and the physical condition of the patient, in order to achieve the best possible treatment and to maximize the survival and quality of life of the patient. These include, inter alia, the following: In the case of early rectal cancer, surgical tumour removal is the preferred method of treatment, which can usually have a root effect. The procedure includes local and root hysterectomy. (1) Local ectomy: rectitudinal cancer, which is applied to tumours at the lower end of the rectal mucous membrane, with a smaller diameter (usually less than 3 cm), a better degree of fragmentation and no signs of lymphomy transfer. The effect of this procedure on rectal functions is relatively small, but it requires rigorous control of the adaptive evidence and close follow-up after the operation to prevent recurrence. (2) Sterilization: the most common method of surgery for the treatment of early rectal cancer. The procedure involves acoustic coronary cancer (Miles surgery), which is applied to rectal cancer closer to the anal (generally less than 5 cm) and requires the removal of anal, rectal and partial breath, in parallel with permanent artificial anal fistula, and acoustic cancer (Dixon surgery), which is applied to rectal cancer far from the anal (generally greater than 5 cm) and retains the anal and its normal function. 2 Medium-term rectal cancer (II, III) Comprehensive treatment: this stage is often difficult to achieve with the desired treatment, with more integrated treatment. (1) Surgery: continues to be an important means of treatment, the choice of which is also determined by factors such as the distance of the tumour from the anal point of view, and basically the principle of choice of the procedure for early rectal cancer. (2) Auxiliary chemotherapy: Auxiliary chemotherapy is usually required before and after the operation. Pre-operative chemotherapy (newly assisted chemotherapy) reduces the size of tumours, reduces tumours in stages, makes tumours that would otherwise be difficult to remove and increases the potential for surgical and root hysterectomy; post-operative chemotherapy reduces local relapse and long-range transfer rates and increases the survival rate of patients. Commonly used chemotherapy drugs are fluorourin, Osharip, Elitikon, etc. (3) Auxiliary treatment: Some patients also require Auxiliary treatment. Pre-operative treatment reduces the size of the tumour, reduces the risk of tumour dissemination in the surgery and increases the surgical hysterectomy rate; post-operative treatment is used mainly to reduce local relapse rates, especially for patients with high-risk re-emergence factors (e.g. tumour invasion of the exterior of the rectal wall, lymphoma transfer, etc.). 3. Late rectal cancer (IV) (1) Individualized palliative care: the case of terminal rectal cancer is more complex and has usually been transferred far away, at a time when individualized palliative care programmes have been introduced primarily for the purpose of abating symptoms, improving the quality of life and extending life. (2) Partial treatment: Local treatment may be provided for serious symptoms that occur locally, such as intestine infarction, haemorrhage, pain, etc. For example, intestinal fistula can be performed on patients with intestinal infarction in order to remove the barrier; hemorrhage can be stopped through lower endoscopy, intervention, etc.; and painkillers can be reasonably used by pain sufferers. (3) Full-body treatment: whole-body treatment includes chemotherapy, target treatment, immunotherapy, etc. The development of tumours can be controlled to some extent by chemotherapy, which is commonly used, such as the chemotherapy drugs mentioned in the above-mentioned medium-term rectal cancer; target-oriented treatment, which is targeted at specific targets on tumour cells, and which is now used for rectitual cancer treatment, such as Baylor, Westertooce, etc., which improves treatment and reduces side effects; and immunotherapy, which is used to attack tumour cells by activation of the patient ‘ s own immune system, which is also used in rectitual cancer treatment. Different patients should choose, on their own account and under the guidance of a doctor, an appropriate full-body treatment.
