Antibacterial drugs play a key role in the treatment of infectious diseases, but their irrational use leads to problems such as bacterial resistance and an increase in adverse drug reactions. The following are some of the key principles for the use of antibacterial drugs.
Clear diagnosis
Prior to the use of anti-bacterial drugs, it is important to identify as much as possible the pathogens infected. This can be achieved through detailed medical history collection, medical examination and necessary laboratory examinations. For example, in cases of heat and cough, tests such as blood routines, C-reactive proteins, and stinging are needed to determine whether bacterial, viral or other pathogen infections occur. In the case of viral infections, the use of antibacterial drugs is usually ineffective. The use of anti-bacterial drugs is considered only when it is determined that it is bacterial infection or in certain special circumstances, such as the prevention of complications from bacterial infections.
Reasonable choice.
The choice of the drug is based on the type of pathogens and the results of the drug-sensitive tests: different bacteria are sensitive to different antibacterial drugs. Where conditions permit, antibacterial drugs should be selected on the basis of the pathogen type and the results of sensitive tests. For example, in the case of golden septonella infection, phenol septrin should be the preferred treatment if the pharmacological test shows sensitivity to phenolin. This increases the responsiveness and effectiveness of treatment.
– Consider the antibacterial spectrum of drugs: each antibacterial drug has its own specific antibacterial spectrum. For example, a drug with a hemorrhagic type is divided into one generation, two, three generations and four generations, with a generation of hemorrhoids having a more powerful effect on the gland-positive bacteria, while three generations of hemorrhoids have a more prominent antibacterial activity on the gland-negative bacteria. In the selection of antibacterial drugs, the appropriate antibacterial regimen needs to be selected on the basis of possible pathogens in the infected area. For example, the common pathogen infection in the urinary system is a gerang fungus, such as intestinal Ethyccus, which allows the choice of antibacterial drugs, such as quinone, that are effective for geran cactus.
Taking into account the patient ‘ s age, sex, physical state, allergy, etc., can also influence the choice of antibacterial drugs. Children and older persons may not have the same liver and kidney function as adults, taking into account the metabolic and excretion pathways of the drug when choosing antibacterial drugs and avoiding the use of drugs that are more damaging to the liver and kidney function. The effects of drugs on the foetus need to be taken into account in the treatment of pregnant women, such as tetracyclic-type drugs, which can affect the development of the foetus ‘ s bones and teeth and should be banned for pregnant women. For patients with an allergy history of drugs, to avoid the use of drugs that may cause allergies, such as penicillin-sensitized patients, care should be taken in the use of headgills, as there is a risk of cross-sensitivity.
The right dosage and treatment.
The appropriate dose: The dose of antibacterial drugs should be determined on the basis of the age, weight and severity of the patient. Overdoses may not be of a therapeutic nature, leading to bacteria not being effectively eliminated and, instead, easily inducing bacteria to develop resistance. Overdoses may increase the adverse effects of drugs. For example, an overdose of amino-sugar-type drugs can cause ear and kidney toxicity.
– Sufficient treatment: sufficient treatment is required for the use of antibacterial drugs. The treatment is too short, the bacteria may not be completely eliminated and the infection is prone to relapse. In general, for acute infections, the continued use of antibacterial drugs is needed for some time after normal body temperature and symptoms have disappeared in order to consolidate the efficacy. In the case of general community access to pneumonia, there is a need for a further three to five days after a marked improvement in physical temperature, cough and cough symptoms. However, some specific infections, such as chronic infections such as osteoporosis, may take weeks or even months.
Reasonability of joint use
Joint use of antibacterial drugs can expand antibacterial spectrometry, enhance antibacterial activity, reduce the production of resistant bacteria, etc., but joint use can also increase the risk of adverse drug reactions. Therefore, joint use should be strictly documented. For example, for serious co-infections (e.g. abdominal infections, possibly co-infections with gland positives, gland cactus and anaerobics), anti-gland positives, anti-glucs and anti-aerobics can be used jointly.
The use of anti-bacterial drugs must be based on the above-mentioned principles and be carefully and rationally used in order to maximize its therapeutic effects while reducing adverse consequences such as bacterial resistance.
