I. The principles of viral influenza
The viral influenza is a common respiratory disease caused by multiple viruses and is very common in everyday life, especially in the context of seasonal alternations, high temperature changes and crowding.
There is a wide variety of viruses that cause the influenza virus, with common nasal, coronary, flu, para-influenza viruses, etc. These viruses are transmitted mainly through the flue in the air, e.g. when patients cough and sneeze, they spray with the virus into the surrounding air, and when healthy people inhale the flue with the virus, they can be infected. In addition, exposure to transmission is a means of sharing with patients, such as towels, utensils, etc., in which the virus can spread to healthy people.
When the virus enters the human body, the upper skin cells of the respiratory tract are first attacked. They use their own special structures to integrate with receptors on the surface of the cell and then enter the cell. Once it enters the cell, the virus starts replicating its own “copy” in large quantities and is growing. In the process, the virus interferes with the normal functioning of the cell, causing cell damage and even death. As the number of infected cells increases, the immune system of the human body detects anomalies, thus triggering the immune response. The immune system sends immunocellular cells, such as white cells, to fight the virus and try to remove these external “invaders”. However, in fighting the immune system against the virus, there are also a series of physical symptoms, which are the manifestations of the viral influenza that we feel.
II. Common symptoms of viral influenza
The symptoms of the virus ‘ s flu vary from person to person, but usually show some of the following.
Heat is one of the more common symptoms, and may rise to 38°C or higher. This is because the immune system releases inflammation media, such as white cell media, that affect the body temperature-regulating hub of the human body and increase the body temperature when fighting a virus.
Cough is also a common symptom, which can be divided into dry cough and cough with sap. Dry cough is often caused by respiratory irritation and neuroreflection; while cough may be due to respiratory irritation by inflammation, which increases the amount of mucous and mixes with pathogens, dead cells, etc.
Sneezes and sneezes are also common, and are a mechanism for self-protection when the nasal mucous membranes are affected by the virus, and some of the viruses can be excreted through sneezing.
Pain in the throat is also one of the common manifestations, with the virus infecting the mucous membrane in the throat.
In addition, there may be symptoms of general inactivity, headaches and muscular acidity, as the body consumes a great deal of energy in its fight against the virus, while the inflammation media released by the immune system affect other parts of the body.
III. Treatment of viral influenza
(i) General treatment
For viral flu, general treatment is a basic and important component. Patients need to ensure adequate rest, which allows the body ‘ s immune system to function better and concentrate on fighting the virus. Drinking more water is also crucial, as it helps to dilute the aqueous fluids and facilitates their discharge, while also helping to replenish the body ‘ s water loss due to heat, etc. In addition, the indoor air flow is maintained at a suitable temperature and it is generally recommended that the indoor temperature be between 18 and 22°C, an environment conducive to physical recovery.
(ii) Treatment
1. Heating: When body temperature is below 38.5 °C, physical cooling may be used first, for example, by moist towels to wipe head, armpit, groin, etc., or by retort. If body temperature exceeds 38.5 °C, the use of accelerant can be considered, most commonly for ACCP and Broven. Acetylaminophenol is more effective and relatively mild; in addition to its cooling down, Broven has some anti-inflammation effect. However, in the use of precalciners, care is taken to avoid overdoses at doses and intervals specified in the instructions.
Cough treatment: In the case of dry cough failure, cough reflection may be inhibited by the use of cough medicine such as the right methadone. If the cough is accompanied by more sapling, it should be based on thorium, which can be released with ammonium chloride, etc. Because simple coughing can lead to the accumulation of sapling fluids in the respiratory tract, exacerbating the infection.
3. Nasal aldicarb, sneeze treatment: When such symptoms occur, a drug containing, inter alia, the chlorophenol aluminides of Mareate may be selected, which can be effective in reducing allergies and discomfort in the nose.
4. Treatment of larynx pain: Some tablets, such as watermelon cream, golden throats, etc., can be appropriately administered to help with local inflammation and pain relief.
(iii) Antiviral treatment
In some cases, antiviral drugs can be used to treat flu that is diagnosed as a result of influenza viruses. Common anti-influenza virus drugs are Ostave and others. Ostawe needs to be taken as early as possible within 48 hours of the onset of the disease in order to achieve optimal treatment. However, there are currently no special antivirals for the common virus influenza, and it is mainly through its own immune system that the virus is eliminated.
(iv) Avoiding the misuse of antibiotics
Antibiotics are used to treat bacterial infections, while viral influenza is caused by viruses and antibiotics have no effect on viruses. The abuse of antibiotics not only does not treat viral influenza, but may also disrupt the normal intra-body population balance and lead to the production of drug-resistant bacteria. Therefore, antibiotics are not used when there is no clear evidence of bacterial infections (e.g., blood routine tests indicate white cells, increased neutron particles).
(v) Treatment of special populations
1. Children: The use of medications for children is to be measured accurately on the basis of age and weight, and many cold medicines have a specific child-type and should be given priority. At the same time, the child’s immune system is still developing and parents are closely following the child’s evolving condition.
2. Pregnant women: Due to their special physical condition, the use of medication must take full account of the effects on the foetus and, to the extent possible, under the direction of a doctor.
3. Older persons: The liver and kidney function of older persons may diminish, the dose of the drug may need to be adjusted as appropriate, and it is also recommended that the drug be administered under the guidance of a doctor.
In sum, while viral influenza is a common disease, an understanding of its rationale and the right treatment is essential to mitigate symptoms, promote rehabilitation and avoid the adverse consequences of inappropriate drug use. It is hoped that through this general science article you will have a better understanding of the virus’s flu.
