Diabetes is one of the serious complications common to diabetes, which causes many inconveniences and suffering to the lives of patients. But their risk can be effectively reduced through proactive preventive measures.
1. Blood sugar management is fundamental
Strict control of blood sugar levels is a cornerstone for preventing diabetes. Patients are required to follow the doctor ‘ s treatment programme, to take sugar medication on time or to use insulin correctly. The indicators of blood sugar, including empty abdominal sugar, post-eating haemoglobins and sugarized haemoglobins, are monitored on a regular basis in order to adjust the treatment strategy in a timely manner to ensure long-term stability of blood sugar within a reasonable range and to reduce the continuous damage of high blood sugar to the nervous and blood vessels.
II. Points of daily foot care
Cleaning and drying: The daily water washes the feet with warm water, which is suitable for 37 – 40°C, to avoid burns caused by excessive water temperatures. Use soft towels to dry the feet, with particular attention to the gap between toes, to keep dry and to prevent the growth of bacteria and fungi.
2. Toenails: Periodic toenails are trimed, medium in length and not too short to avoid damage to the nail bed and the surrounding skin. It is advisable to use special toenails and to keep them smooth.
3. Skin care: Keep an eye on the foot skin and if it is dry, appropriate skin cream without irritation, but avoid toes. In the event of an anomaly in the foot skin, such as broken skin, water bubbles, tatters, etc., it is important that it be treated and treated in a timely manner.
iii. Selection of shoes and socks
Shoe selection: Shoes with broad head, thick bottom and soft leather should be selected to give sufficient space to to the toe to avoid squeeze. Heel is highly appropriate, generally not exceeding 3 cm, to ensure stability and comfort in walking. It is best to test shoes in the afternoon or evening, when the foot is slightly swollen and the right size is selected more precisely. New shoes need not be worn for too long and gradually increase their length in order to detect potential discomfort in a timely manner.
Sock selection: Priority is given to air and sweating pure cotton socks, helping to keep the feet dry. Avoid wearing tight or flex-banded socks to prevent the impact of the foot circulation. Socks are changed daily to keep them clean. 4. To avoid injury to the foot. To develop good living habits and not to walk alone, whether indoor or outdoor. The floor of the house was kept clean and the sharp objects that could have stabbed the foot were removed. Physical exercise or day-to-day activities are carried out with suitable sneakers and protective measures to reduce the risk of foot friction and collision.
V. Periodic foot inspection
Patients should check their feet on a daily basis to see if there are any abnormal changes. At the same time, there are regular visits to hospitals for specialized foot examinations, including for foot neurofunctional functions, vascular assessment, etc. Early detection of potential problems and timely intervention in treatment through the Doppler ultrasound, neurophysiology, etc.
Diabetes prevention requires a comprehensive focus on foot care and management in every aspect of everyday life, from blood sugar control, foot care details, shoe and stocking selection to avoiding injuries and periodic examinations, to be sustained in order to effectively prevent the occurrence of diabetes and to safeguard a healthy life.
