Reasonable use of antibacterial drugs in respiratory infections
Respiratory infections are among the most common clinical diseases, mainly upper respiratory infections, bronchitis and pneumonia. Antibacterial drugs are an important means of treating respiratory infections, and their rational application is important for increasing the rate of cure and reducing the production of resistant bacteria. The purpose of this paper is to explore the principles of rational application of antibacterial drugs in respiratory infections, drug selection, drug use programmes and care.
I. Principles for the application of antibacterial drugs
1. Strict control of antibacterial drug application: antibacterial drugs should be selected on the basis of the patient ‘ s condition, the type of pathogen and the results of drug-sensitive tests. For viral respiratory infections, antibacterial drugs are not used in principle.
Early treatment: Once bacterial respiratory infections are diagnosed, antibacterial drugs should be used as early as possible to reduce the risk of deterioration.
3. Individualized treatment: The dose of the drug is adjusted to the age, weight, liver and kidney function of the patient to ensure the effective concentration of the drug in the body.
4. Pathological monitoring: Changes in the patient ‘ s condition should be closely observed during treatment and the type and dose of antibacterial drugs should be adjusted to the condition.
5. Comprehensive treatment: Support for treatment, such as supplementary nutrition and the correction of hydrolysis imbalances, should be strengthened along with antibacterial treatment.
Drug choices
Antibacterial drugs are widely available and are commonly clinically used in penicillin, capisculin, large cycline esters, quinone, etc. Different types of respiratory infections may vary in their pathogen type and drug sensitivity, so drug selection needs to be tailored to specific circumstances.
1 Penicillin: Amoxillin, ammonia sicillin, etc., apply to mild and moderate respiratory infections, with better antibacterial activity for gland positive bacteria such as pneumocococcus and haemophilus influenzae.
2 – Head bacterium: e.g., head thallo, hair acrylic, etc., applicable to moderately severe respiratory infections, with better antibacterial activity for gland positives and some gland cacteria.
3 Large ringed esters: e.g. erythricin, achicin, etc., apply to mild moderate respiratory infections, with better antibacterial activity for atypical pathogens such as pneumoconitrists and chlamydia.
4 Quinonone: for example, left-oxen fluorine, mossar, etc., applies to moderately severe respiratory infections, with better antibacterial activity for gland positives, gland vaginal bacteria and atypical pathogens.
III. The drug programme
1. Light moderate respiratory infections: Oral antibacterial drugs, such as penicillin, head bacterium, large rim esters, etc., are optional. The procedure is usually 5-7 days.
2. Medium-heavy respiratory infections: An intravenous antibacterial drugs, such as head sepsis, quinone, etc., are optional. The sessions usually take 7-14 days.
3. Special pathogen infections: In the case of a combination of fungi infections, anti-flucticide drugs are required, and in the case of a combination of chlamydia, chlamydia infections, drugs such as large cyclopentone or quinone are selected.
IV. NOTES
1. Following a hierarchy of antibacterial drugs: Rational use of antibacterial drugs to avoid abuse and misuse.
2. Monitoring of adverse effects of drugs: such as damage to liver and kidney function, allergies, etc., should be addressed in a timely manner if detected.
3. Avoid unnecessary joint use: reduce the production of drug-resistant bacteria and improve treatment effectiveness.
Specific groups of people need to be cautious: pregnant women, lactating women, children, the elderly, etc., should choose appropriate antibacterial drugs based on drug instructions and guidelines.
5. Periodic screening of pathogens and drug-sensitive tests: Adapting the types and doses of antibacterial drugs to results to increase the responsiveness and effectiveness of treatment.
The problem of drug resistance
With the widespread use of antibacterial drugs, the resistance of pathogens is increasing. As a result, antibacterial treatment for respiratory infections requires regular pathogen resistance monitoring, especially for common pathogens such as pneumocococcal, haemophilus influenzae and yellow grapes. The results of drug resistance monitoring can help clinicians to adapt antibacterial treatment programmes in a timely manner, avoid the use of antibacterials that are ineffective against pathogens and reduce the production of resistant bacteria.
The rational use of antibacterial drugs in respiratory infections is an important means of increasing the rate of cure and reducing the generation of resistant bacteria. Clinicians should select appropriate antibacterial drugs based on the patient ‘ s condition, the type of fungi and the results of drug-sensitive trials, and should follow the principles of antibacterial application to ensure the effectiveness and safety of treatment. At the same time, the monitoring of the pathology and integrated treatment has been strengthened to improve the overall efficacy of the patients. In addition, public education on anti-bacterial drugs should be strengthened, patients ‘ drug dependence and self-management capacity should be improved and public health safety should be maintained.
