“Recognizing Breast Cancer, Building Health Lines.”
In today ‘ s society, breast cancer has become one of the malignant tumours that pose a serious threat to women ‘ s health. It is like a hidden demon that threatens the life and well-being of women at all times. Knowledge about breast cancer and proactive preventive measures are essential for every woman.
I. Overview of breast cancer
Breast cancer is a malignant tumour that occurs in the mammography. Breasts are not an important organ in sustaining human life, and in situ breast cancer is not fatal, but they are loosely connected and easily released because of the loss of normal cell characteristics. Once the cancer cells fall off, the free cancer cells can disperse their bodies with blood or lymph fluid, form a diversion and endanger life.
The symptoms of breast cancer are diverse. The most common symptoms are mammograms, which are usually hard in form, on the edges irregularly, unslanded on the surface, mostly pain-free, with only a few pains or stings. In addition, breast skin changes are one of the most common symptoms, such as skin dents (“drinking”) and skin oedema (“Orange skin changes”). The changes in the nipples include the emulsion of the nipples, which can be of a blood, plasma or water sample.
The causes of the incidence of breast cancer are not yet fully identified, but are generally considered to be related to a number of factors. First, genetic factors play an important role in the incidence of breast cancer. If there are breast cancer in the family, especially among first-degree relatives (mothers, sisters, etc.), the risk of individual breast cancer increases significantly. Second, endocrine factors cannot be ignored. Excessive estrogen levels or long-term exposure to estrogen conditions in women increase the risk of breast cancer. For example, early menstruation, menstruation, late menstruation, unbirth, late childbearing and unnursed breastfeeding can lead to changes in the levels of estrogens in the body, thus increasing the risk of disease. In addition, harmful lifestyles such as long-term smoking, alcohol consumption, high-fat, high-calorie diets, lack of exercise, and long-term mental stress, environmental pollution may also be associated with breast cancer.
Diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer
Early diagnosis is key to improving the effectiveness and survival of breast cancer treatment. At present, commonly used methods of breast cancer diagnosis include breast self-examination, clinical breast screening, breast ultrasound, mammogram X-line, MRI, etc.
Self-censorship of the breast is a simple and easy way to inform women about their health status. It is generally recommended that women undergo a self-examination every month, preferably 7 to 10 days after menstruation. When self-inspection, care is taken to observe the appearance of the breast, the skin colour, the dent in the nipple, the spill, etc., and to touch the breast with the finger and to check for any swelling. If anomalies are detected, timely medical treatment should be provided.
Clinical breast examinations are conducted by professional doctors, including visits and visits. Doctors observe breast appearances, skin colours, breast abnormalities and touch breasts with their hands, and check for swelling, size, quality, activity, etc.
Breast ultrasound is an inert, non-irradiated method that clearly shows the internal structure of the breast, which is more effective for young women and for incisive breast screening. Mammoth X-ray photography is one of the most common methods of diagnosing breast cancer at present. Small calcified stoves can be found and are of great value for early detection of breast cancer. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays an important role in the stratification of breast cancer and in assessing the effects of treatment.
Once diagnosed with breast cancer, individualized treatment should be developed on the basis of the patient ‘ s specific circumstances. At present, the treatment of breast cancer consists mainly of surgical treatment, radiotherapy, chemical treatment, endocrine treatment and target treatment.
Surgery is one of the main methods of treatment for breast cancer, including breast cancer graft, breast cancer improvement graft, breast milk. The purpose of the operation is to remove the tumour tissue and to preserve, to the extent possible, the appearance and function of the breast. Radiotherapy uses high-energy rays to kill cancer cells, usually after surgery, to reduce the risk of local recurrence. Chemical treatment is used to kill cancer cells through the use of chemical drugs, which can be used to reduce tumours before surgery, post-operative assistive treatment and treatment of late-stage breast cancer. Endocrine treatment is used for breast cancer, which is positive for estrogen receptors, and is used to suppress estrogen use. Target therapy is targeted at specific molecular targets, and the use of drugs to kill cancer cells with precision has better therapeutic effects for certain specific types of breast cancer.
III. Breast cancer prevention
Breast cancer prevention is a long-term and difficult task, requiring a multifaceted approach.
1. Healthy lifestyle
– A reasonable diet: a balanced diet, with more food, such as vegetables, fruits and whole grain, which is rich in food fibres, and reduced intake of high fat, high heat and high sugar. Adequate intake of nutrient-rich foods, such as vitamin D and calcium, may help reduce the risk of breast cancer.
– Motivation: Aerobics with a medium strength of at least 150 minutes per week, such as walking, jogging, swimming, etc., can be combined with force training, such as weight lifting, push-ups, etc. Sport can help to control body weight, reduce levels of estrogen in the body and increase immunity.
– Prohibition of smoking and drinking: smoking and drinking increase the risk of breast cancer, should be avoided as much as possible and alcohol should be restricted.
– Weight control: maintaining healthy weight is important for the prevention of breast cancer. Obesity leads to higher estrogen levels in the body and increases the risk of breast cancer. Weight can be controlled through a reasonable diet and a proper exercise.
Periodic medical examinations
– Self-censorship of breast: As previously mentioned, women are required to perform a monthly breast self-censorship to detect abnormal changes in breast.
– Clinical breast screening: it is recommended that women start at age 20 and undergo a clinical breast examination every three years; after age 40, a clinical breast examination is conducted every year.
Breast screening: For women at general risk, mammogram screening of mammograms may be initiated every two years after the age of 40, and for high-risk groups, such as breast cancer patients in the family, BRCA1/2 genetic mutations, etc., the screening should be initiated early and the frequency of screening should be increased on the recommendation of a doctor.
Maternity and lactation
– Childbirth in due time: every effort is made to give birth to the first child before the age of 30, so as to avoid late or unwanted childbirth.
Breastfeeding: Breastfeeding reduces the risk of breast cancer and recommends breastfeeding for at least six months.
4. Avoiding risk factors
– Reduction of estrogen exposure: avoiding the long-term use of cosmetics, health care, etc. containing estrogens; and avoiding, to the extent possible, the use of oral contraceptives, especially for long-term use.
– Reducing stress: long-term stress affects the functioning of the endocrine system and increases the risk of breast cancer. There is a need to learn to relax and ease stress through sport, meditation, tourism, etc.
In general, breast cancer is a malignant tumour that poses a serious threat to the health of women, but positive preventive measures can be effective in reducing the risk of morbidity by learning about it. Every woman should take care of her breast health, develop a healthy lifestyle and undergo periodic medical examinations to ensure early detection, early diagnosis, early treatment and a strong line of defence for her health. Let us work together to combat breast cancer and make the flowers of women’s lives worse.
