Scientific diet guide for oncological patients during chemotherapy
As an important tumour treatment, chemotherapy can inevitably cause damage to normal cells while killing the tumour cells. In this case, normal cells of the digestive system are also affected, resulting in reduced gastrointestinal function.
Chemotherapy stimulates gastrointestinal mucous membranes and causes a range of digestive symptoms. It’s common to be disgusting, vomiting, and clinically, about 70 to 80 percent of chemotherapy patients have different levels of nausea and vomiting. This not only makes the patients extremely uncomfortable, but also seriously affects their appetite. This may become difficult to swallow at this time, and patients tend to become resistant when they see food.
In addition, chemotherapy can lead to diarrhoea or constipation. On the one hand, chemotherapy is prone to damage to normal gastrointestinal cells and mucous membranes, leading to a decline in gastrointestinal function and the normal ingestion of ingestion food, leading to diarrhoea. On the other hand, physiotherapy affects intestinal wrinkles, reduces the function of the intestinal stomach and allows food to stay in the intestinal tract for too long periods, making it easier to form dry faeces and making defecation difficult. These symptoms further increase the dietary distress of patients, making their choice of food more cautious and difficult.
I. The principle of diet during chemotherapy
(i) Easy to digest
During chemotherapy, patients are more sensitive to their gastrointestinal tracts and should avoid spicy irritation, sweet food, oily and fried food, which may further stimulate the gastrointestinal tract and aggravate symptoms of discomfort. A proper increase in spleen starter foods, such as radish, platinum, mountains and yogurt, can help to improve appetite. Carrots have the effect of abating aerobics; the leather has the acne; the mountain is accelerator-free; and the yogurt is rich in fungi and helps to regulate intestinal herbs.
(ii) Balanced nutrition
The chemotherapy can consume a significant amount of energy from the patient and therefore needs to be supplemented with heat, protein and various vitamins. Protein is an important nutrient for body repair and maintenance of normal functioning, which can be supplemented by ingestion of food such as fish, shrimp, poultry, dairy products and beans. Vitamins can increase the body ‘ s immunity and can be obtained from fresh fruits and vegetables. Meeting the needs of the organism and the consumption of chemotherapy will help to increase the body ‘ s immunity.
(iii) Eat less
Patients on tumours tend to have a reduced appetite after chemotherapy, and excessive consumption may cause discomfort. It is therefore important to avoid oversaturation by eating less. Families can accompany the patient for food, encourage and support, and ensure that the patient receives sufficient heat. For example, food can be divided into five to six meals per day, in a modest amount, which reduces the stomach burden and ensures the availability of heat.
(iv) Diversification of recipes
Maintain cereal intake, take care of the coarse mix, such as adding rough rice and oats to rice. Adequate intake of high-quality protein-rich foods, such as fish, poultry and eggs, and control of meat, especially red meat, which may increase the risk of certain cancers. Foods rich in vegetable protein, such as vegetables and fruits, and soybeans, are consumed, while the use of cooking vegetable oil is controlled, generally not exceeding 25 grams per day.
(v) Eat well
Precautionary, digestive foods avoid sweet or greasy foods. Change cooking methods, maintain the fragrance of food, and cook more with cooking, stew, steam, etc. This reduces the fat content of food while making it softer and easy to digest and absorb. For example, vegetables can be boiled into vegetable soup and fish can be made of steamed fish.
(vi) Increased quantity of drinking water
During chemotherapy, the patient must drink more than 2,500 ml per day. Large quantities of drinking water can speed up the discharge of chemical poisons in the body and reduce the kidney burden. For patients with high dosage chemotherapy, IVS can also be supplemented and urea can be applied. For example, the use of chemotherapy drugs such as sauperate, which are highly toxic to the kidneys, requires extensive drinking water and “waterization” treatment.
(vii) Observe taboos
Non-attribution of old-temporal, acid, mold, barbecue, fumigation and fragrance foods that may contain carcinogenic substances to the detriment of patients ‘ health. No alcohol, as alcohol stimulates gastrointestinal tracts and exacerbates the adverse effects of chemotherapy. Limit the intake of pickled foods and salt, which contain higher nitrites, while high salt diets may cause diseases such as hypertension.
II. CORRECTIVE FOOD
(i) Low white cells
chemotherapy can lead to a decrease in white cells, seriously affecting the immune capacity of patients. At this point, more food can be eaten, such as pig liver, skinny meat, dates, peanuts, etc., which can help to boost white cells. Pig liver is rich in nutrients such as iron, vitamin A and protein, which contribute to the improvement of the blood-making function of the body. Skin meat is a good source of high-quality protein and provides the necessary nutritional support to the body. The date-palm is a source of enrichment and blood and helps to improve the health of patients. Peanuts are rich in proteins, fats and vitamins, and have some support for the upgrading of white cells. At the same time, they can be combined with therapeutics such as mushroom beef porridge. Porridge of mushrooms is well nourished, the sugar content of mushrooms enhances immunity, and beef is protein-rich and can supplement the energy of patients.
(ii) Reduction in blood platelets
When chemotherapy causes a decrease in the platelets, the patient is able to properly eat the foods of peanuts, dates, wood, etc. The peanut’s red coat is rich in the nutrients needed to produce the slabs, the date is used to regenerate the blood, and the ear has some anticondensation effect, which helps to maintain the normal state of the blood. In addition, therapeutic treatments such as peanuts and date juice may be provided. The cooking of peanuts and red dates together, both to supplement nutrition and to promote the production of blood panels.
(iii) Decency
During chemotherapy, patients are prone to constipation. At this point, more food with dietary fibres and cancer-resistant foods, such as seaweeds, beryllium and so on, should be eaten. Sea belts are rich in dietary fibres and minerals, which help to promote intestinal creeping and prevent constipation. Americium contains a wealth of vitamins and dietary fibres that are resistant to oxidation and cancer. At the same time, they can be combined with therapeutics like silver ear soup. Silver ear soup has pulmonary and intestine proficient effects, which mitigates constipation.
(iv) Oral ulcer
When chemotherapy causes oral ulcer, the patient should refrain from eating spicy irritating food to avoid further pain and inflammation. Spicy food stimulates oral mucous membranes, leading to ulcer deterioration. Patients should choose soft, light foods, such as rice congee, noodles, etc., to avoid eating hard, acidic, salty foods. At the same time, oral clean-up is maintained, with regular use of physico-saline or special mouth clean-up mouths.
(v) Vomiting
If the patient is sick of vomiting, he/she should first fast for a period of time, before he/she slowly eats his/her food after the symptoms have eased. Ginger can be added to the diet. Ginger has an anti-oppressive effect. At the same time, the increase in the number of spleen-pregnant foods, such as radish, platinum, and mountains, helps to improve appetite. If vomiting affects food intake, the patient may choose oral supplements or intravenous nutrition to ensure the nutritional needs of the body. Oral supplements can provide the body with nutrients such as proteins, vitamins and minerals, and intravenous nutrition is an additional means of feeding patients when they are unable to receive sufficient nutrients through oral intake. Summary
During chemotherapy, patients on tumours were subjected to enormous physical tests. A reasonable diet is not only a basis for life-sustaining activities, but also an important safeguard against disease and for improving the effectiveness of treatment.
Through the principles of diversity of diets, ease of digestion, balanced nutrition and diet, patients are able to consume enough nutrients to prevent malnutrition. According to statistics, the incidence of malnutrition can be reduced by 30 to 40 per cent for patients who follow the principle of a reasonable diet during chemotherapy. Malnutrition affects the physical recovery and treatment of patients, increases the risk of complications and reduces survival rates.
In general, a reasonable diet during chemotherapy for oncological patients is essential. Patients and family members should be fully aware of the importance of eating, develop individualized diets that are tailored to the specific circumstances of the patient, ensure that the patient receives adequate nutrition during chemotherapy, increase physical resistance, increase the tolerance of chemotherapy and provide a solid basis for combating the disease.
