Hepatic cirrhosis is a chronic, gradual liver disease, which is fibrosis by liver tissue, leading to a gradual decline in liver function. Diet is essential in the treatment and care of liver cirrhosis, and a reasonable diet not only reduces the liver burden but also prevents complications. This paper provides comprehensive dietary guidance for liver cirrhosis patients, taking into account scientific recommendations.
I. Basic principles of diet
Low salt diet
Patients with no TIPS: The daily salt intake should be kept below 5 grams to avoid an increase in abdominal and oedema.
Patients following TIPS (through intra-circular cavity shunts in the cervical veins): salt is not strictly restricted, but high salt diets still need to be avoided.
2. A small number of meals
4-6 meals per day to reduce the liver burden and avoid saturation.
3. Alcohol and hepatotoxic drugs
Prohibition of alcohol: Alcohol has a direct toxic effect on the liver and accelerates progress in cirrhosis.
(c) Physics: Avoid unnecessary drugs, health-care products, preferences, especially antithermal pain combinations. Insomnia patients should be treated with caution, under the guidance of a doctor, with sedatives.
4. Sweat and avoid stimulating food
Avoid spicy, greasy, sweet food to reduce liver and gastrointestinal burden.
II. RECOMMENDED FOOD
1. High-quality proteins
Source: Thin meat, fish, eggs, tofu, dairy products.
Effects: Help to repair liver cells, but reduce protein intake and avoid the accumulation of ammonia in cases of liver cerebral disease.
2. Inditable carbohydrates
Sources: Rice, noodles, oats, potatoes, etc.
Effects: Provide energy, protect the liver.
Vegetables and fruit
Pumpkin, carrots, spinach, apples, bananas, etc.
Impact: Vitamins and minerals are replenished and immune, while defecation is promoted and constipation is avoided.
4. Healthy fats
Sources: nuts, deep sea fish, olive oil, etc.
Note: Fat intake should be appropriate to avoid high fat diets that increase the liver fat burden.
Special situations requiring attention
1. Diet of edible dysenteral larvae patients
Eating habits:
• Chew slowly
To avoid eating too fast and too much at a time.
Avoid rough, pricked or boned food, such as fish bones, chicken bones, and prevent puncture of the vein.
• Avoid incentives:
Crude foods, gastric acid erosion, severe coughing or an increase in internal pressure (e.g., heavy defecation) can all lead to ivory fractures.
The use of acidic acids to protect gastric mucous membranes is recommended under medical guidance.
2. Patients at risk of liver cerebral disease
Control of protein intake: Reduced daily protein intake is recommended, giving preference to plant protein (e.g., tofu) or milked protein to avoid ammonia generation.
3. Patients with abdominal water
Strict control of sodium intake reduces sodium retention in the body through low salt diets.
IV. Day-care tips
1. Keep the poop open
Eat more of the food-rich vegetables, such as bananas and apples, and avoid the high abdominal pressure caused by heavy defecation.
2. Food hygiene
Avoiding cold food and preventing infection.
3. Sufficient water recharge
Drinking water in adequate quantities is not recommended for one-time consumption in large quantities to avoid abdominal swelling.
4. Monitoring of body weight and abdominal cord
Changes in oedema or abdominal water are detected in a timely manner and communication with doctors is maintained.
Summary
The dietary management of liver cirrhosis patients needs to be adapted to individual circumstances, with low salt, blight, digestive, and avoiding irritant foods and hepatotoxic drugs. In meeting nutritional needs, attention needs to be paid to the prevention and control of complications, and dietary adjustments should be made in conjunction with the advice of doctors and nutritionists to improve the quality of life and delay the development of the disease.
Hepatic cirrhosis
