Scientific Knowledge of Breast Cancer

Breast cancer is a common malignant tumor that occurs in breast tissue. Understanding the science of breast cancer is critical to its prevention, early detection, and treatment. Breast cancer risk factors The occurrence of breast cancer is related to a variety of risk factors, including the following: 1. Age: Breast cancer mainly occurs in women over 50 years old, and the risk of breast cancer increases with age. 2. Female hormone levels: Imbalance of female hormones may increase the risk of breast cancer. For example, late childbearing, no childbearing, long-term use of hormone replacement therapy or oral contraceptives may increase the risk of breast cancer. 3. Family history: If a first-degree relative (mother, sister, or daughter) in the family has breast cancer, the individual’s risk of breast cancer is increased. 4. Genetic mutations: Mutations in certain genes, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, increase the risk of breast cancer. 5. Lifestyle: Unhealthy lifestyle, such as bad eating habits, lack of exercise and obesity, may increase the risk of breast cancer. Early Detection of Breast Cancer Early detection of breast cancer improves the chances of successful treatment. Here are some ways to detect breast cancer early: 1. Self-examination: Have a monthly breast self-examination to know the normal state of your breasts and help detect any abnormalities. 2. Clinical breast examination: Regular breast examination by a doctor or professional, who can check the breast for abnormalities by touch and observation. 3. Mammography (mammography): Mammography, also known as mammography or mammography, is a common screening method for early breast cancer. 4. Breast ultrasound: Breast ultrasound can be used as a supplement to mammography, especially for young women or women with high breast density. Breast Cancer Treatments Breast cancer treatments vary depending on the patient’s condition and may include the following: 1. Surgery: Surgery is the primary treatment for early breast cancer. Common surgeries include breast-sparing surgery and mastectomy. 2. Radiotherapy: Radiotherapy can kill breast cancer cells by using high-energy X-rays or other forms of radiation. 3. Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill or inhibit the growth and spread of cancer cells. 4. Targeted therapy: Targeted therapy refers to the use of specific drugs to attack specific molecular targets in cancer cells to inhibit the growth of cancer cells. 5. Endocrine therapy: For hormone receptor-positive breast cancer, endocrine therapy can inhibit the growth of cancer cells by interfering with hormone action. Understanding the science of breast cancer can help people better prevent and treat breast cancer. If you have any doubts or symptoms of breast cancer, please consult your doctor for further examination and diagnosis.