Introduction
bronchial asthma is a complex heterogeneity disease characterized by chronic respiratory inflammation and high-reactivity of the aerobics, which manifests itself in repeated cases of asthma, air rush, chest distress or cough. At the grass-roots level, the use of antibiotics in bronchial asthma treatment is sometimes not regulated because of the limitations of diagnostic techniques and disease awareness. The proper distinction between the type of bronchial asthma and the combination of bacterial infections and the rational use of antibiotics are important for improving patient prognosis and reducing medical costs.
II. bronchial asthma morbidity mechanism and pathology
The incidence of bronchial asthma is closely related to genetic factors, environmental factors, etc. The main pathological changes include immersion of gastro-inflammation cells (e.g. acidist granular cells, large fat cells, etc.), constriction of air-traffic smoothing muscles, increased mucous genre and retrofitting of airways. Aeropathitis leads to high-reactive airways and can cause bronchial convulsions and air currents to be limited when exposed to induction factors such as allergies, cold air and motion. It should be noted, however, that the inflammation is inherently different from the inflammation caused by bacterial infections, for which antibiotics have a limited direct impact.
iii. Misdirection of antibiotics in bronchial asthma treatment
In primary medical practice, it is common error to use antibiotics as a routine treatment for acute bronchial asthma. When many patients have an asthma attack, doctors are used to treating antibiotics, regardless of evidence of bacterial infection. Indeed, most asthma attacks are caused by non-infective factors, such as exposure to allergies and increased respiratory inflammation, and the use of antibiotics not only does not alleviate asthma symptoms, but may result in adverse effects, such as gastrointestinal discomfort, tumult disorders, etc. Long-term and irrational use can also lead to increased bacterial resistance, making difficult the follow-up of infectious diseases that genuinely require antibiotics.
IV. Indicators of scientific use of antibiotics
(i) Identification of evidence of bacterial infection
The use of antibiotics may be considered when bronchial asthma patients show signs and laboratory indicators of bacterial infections, such as heat, cough acupuncture, white-cell count and the increase in the percentage of moderate particles, and C reaction to protein and calcium precipitation. For example, when patients experience a significant increase in yellow saplings based on asthma, accompanied by a high temperature ( > 38°C) and sustained persistence, blood routines show white cells > 10 x 109/L, a neutral particle ratio of > 75 per cent, there should be a high level of suspicion of a combination of bacterial infections, further testing, such as stinging, to identify pathogens and select sensitive antibiotics.
(ii) Combined respiratory infections
If the patient has a pulmonary degenerative signs, a pulmonary visual examination (e.g. chest X-line or CT) indicating a tremors in the lung, e.g. pneumonia, bronchial extended infections, etc., the corresponding antibiotics shall be treated after a comprehensive assessment of the condition. At the same time, for asthma patients with chronic use of low immune functions, such as sugar cortex hormones or immunosuppressants, who have symptoms of respiratory infections, even when clinical performance is not typical, the possibility of bacterial infections needs to be monitored in a timely manner to guide the rational use of antibiotics.
V. Selection and use of antibiotics
(i) Choice of drugs based on pathogens
Once bacterial infections have been identified, suitable antibiotics should be selected based on the type of pathogens and the results of the sensitive tests. Common pathogens, such as pneumocococcus, may be antibiotics of the penicillin type or headgillin type; for haemophilus influenzae infections, Amosilin/Clavic acid, etc., may be selected; and for chlamydia, chlamydia infections, macrocycline, e.g., Archacin, etc. Basic health institutions should, to the extent possible, obtain accurate pathogen information and avoid the blindness of empirical drugs.
(ii) Reasonable dose and course of treatment
Adequate but not exceeding doses of antibiotics are given as recommended in the drug instructions and clinical guidelines. In general, oral delivery can be used for mild infections, and intravenous drips can be considered for cases of moderate severe infections or when the patient is unable to withstand the oral drug. The course of treatment of antibiotics is based on the severity of the infection and the type of fungi, and the general course of treatment for bacterial infections is 7 – 14 days, but for some special pathogens, such as systolic infections, the treatment of Archicillin may need to be extended to 3 – 5 weeks, as appropriate, in order to ensure the complete elimination of the fungi and prevent its recurrence and the production of drug-resistant bacteria.
VI. Integrated treatment and management
The scientific use of antibiotics should be accompanied by a combination of bronchial asthma treatment at the primary level. It includes the inhalation of sugar cortex hormones, bronchial scalants, etc., to control respiratory inflammation and to alleviate bronchial convulsions, the development of individualized treatments based on the severity of the patient ‘ s condition, regular follow-up and evaluation, and the adaptation of treatment programmes. In addition, improved health education for patients, guidance on the correct use of inhalation devices, avoidance of exposure to allergies, routine life and appropriate exercise, and improved self-management capacity of patients are important for controlling bronchial asthma and reducing the unreasonable use of antibiotics.
Conclusion
Primary health-care facilities should properly recognize the role and use of antibiotics in bronchial asthma treatment and avoid their misuse. Through accurate diagnosis of the condition, rational choice and use of antibiotics, combined with the standardized combination of bronchial asthma treatment and patient management, it is possible to effectively improve the effectiveness of treatment, reduce the occurrence of complications and promote the rehabilitation of patients, while contributing to the rational use of antibiotics and the development of bacterial resistance.
