In today ‘ s medical field, the treatment of paediatric infectious diseases has always been of paramount importance. With increased resistance to antibiotics and the emergence of new pathogens, rational choice and application of medicines have become one of the key factors in ensuring the health and development of children. The purpose of this paper is to explore the choice and application of medicines for paediatric infectious diseases, with a view to informing clinical doctors and providing parents with knowledge.
I. Characteristics of paediatric infectious diseases
Children are more vulnerable to infection because their immune system is not yet fully developed and their resistance to various pathogens is relatively weak. From common respiratory infections, digestive tract infections to more severe bacterial meningitis, paediatric infectious diseases are numerous and rapidly changing, requiring careful treatment.
Principles of drug choice
1. Safety priority: In the choice of medicines, priority must be given to their safety, especially for the specific group of infants and young children. The use of drugs that may cause severe adverse effects, such as certain antibiotics, may cause ear or kidney toxicity, should be avoided. 2. Targeted: The appropriate drugs are selected according to the pathogen type (bacteria, viruses, fungi, etc.) and their sensitivity to the drug. For example, in the case of bacterial infections, sensitive antibiotics should be preferred, while in the case of viral infections, antiviral drugs may be needed. 3. Suitability of the dose: The dose for the child needs to be based strictly on body weight and age-adjusted. Overdoses may not have the effect of treatment, while excessive doses increase the risk of side effects. 4. Reasonable route of delivery: Taking into account the child ‘ s level of acceptance and ease of operation, oral treatment is usually the preferred method, but in cases of serious illness or failure to swallow solid foods, treatment may need to be provided, inter alia, through intravenous injection. 5. Completeness of the treatment process: Treatment may not be interrupted at will, even if the symptoms are mitigated, so as not to lead to repeated cases or to the creation of a drug-resistant strain.
III. Common paediatric infectious diseases and their recommended medications
– Upper respiratory infections: mostly caused by viral infections, usually without the use of antibiotics. In the case of a combination of bacterial infections, drugs such as penicillin or headgillin are optional. – Pneumonia: depending on the cause of the disease, oral antibiotics, such as potassium kraviate, can be used for light diseases, while serious diseases require inpatient observation and adjustment of the drug programme to the development results. – Diarrhoeal diseases: mainly caused by rotaviruses or other intestinal viruses, the routine use of antibiotics is not usually recommended. Where bacterial infection is suspected, third-generation sepsis is given empirically. – Foot and foot oral disease: There is no special-effect therapy available, mainly for treatment of disease support, including deheating, rehydration, etc.
IV. NOTES
– Before any new drug is used, a detailed inquiry should be made into the history of the childhood in question. – Regular monitoring of liver and kidney functions and other relevant indicators to detect potential problems in a timely manner. – To educate parents about the importance of disease and rational use of medication and encourage their active participation in the health management of their children.
In sum, in the face of the challenge of increasingly complex and volatile paediatric infectious diseases, it is of particular importance that the science of rational choice and application of medicines be applied. This requires not only that medical personnel have solid expertise and a wealth of clinical experience, but also that all sectors of society work together to create a good medical environment that will safeguard the healthy growth of the next generation. It is hoped that every parent will pay more attention to the health of his or her child, and that if he or she finds out that he or she is in an abnormally timely manner, he or she will follow his or her instructions to complete the whole process, so that we can work together for a better future!
