High blood pressure is a common chronic disease that causes unwitting health damage. This paper will provide you with basic knowledge of hypertension, including its definition, risk factors, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment and prevention.
What is high blood pressure?High blood pressure means cardiovascular syndrome in a quiet state, where the main clinical expression is continued increase in the cardiac blood pressure. Depending on the cause of the disease, it can be divided into primary hypertension and secondary hypertension, which is mainly presented here.Primary hypertension is the most common type of hypertension, accounting for 90-95 per cent of all hypertension cases.Risk factor for primary hypertension:The exact cause of primary hypertension is not yet fully clear and is generally considered to be the result of interactions of a variety of factors, including genetic, environmental, lifestyle and other factors.Genetic factors: high blood pressure has a significant family concentration, and if one of the family suffers from high blood pressure, the risk of high blood pressure for other family members increases significantly.Environmental factors: Long periods of high stress and noise increase the risk of hypertension.3. Lifestyle factors:1 Unhealthy diet: Illustrated or greasy food increases blood pressure2 Lack of exercise: people who do not move often experience high blood pressure.Obesity: Obesity increases the heart burden and leads to increased blood pressure.Smoking: Smoking leads to vascular constriction, increased post-heart load and increased blood pressure.Overdose: Alcohol stimulates blood vessels, leading to vascular constrictions and expansional dysfunctions, and chronic overdose increases the burden of heart and blood vessels, leading to increased blood pressure.4. Other factors:Age 1: Blood pressure rises as age increases and the vascular elasticity deteriorates.2 Sex: Men in middle age are more likely than women to suffer from hypertension, but women are at increased risk of hypertension as a result of hormonal changes following menopause.Symptoms of primary hypertension:High blood pressure is known as a “silent killer” because of its slow onset and often no visible symptoms at an early stage. As the situation evolves, it usually occurs:1 headache: particularly blunt or vibrating pain in the back of the head or in the temple.2 Stizziness: due to reduced heart output, which leads to a lack of brain blood supply, the patient can feel dizzy or lose a sense of balance.Tricardia: Heart beats accelerated, irregular or heart beats strongly.Breathing is acute: breathing is difficult after a minor activity or during rest.5 Nasal haemorrhage: The long-term high pressure on the vascular wall makes the vascular fragile and susceptible to bleeding.Visual problems: high blood pressure leads to blurred vision or loss of vision of oedema7 Tired and weak: feeling persistent fatigue and lack of dynamism.Diagnosis of primary hypertension:To determine whether a person is suffering from hypertension, a blood pressure reading cannot be used only once or twice, but multiple measurements are required to ensure the accuracy of the diagnosis. Specifically:1. In a state of quiet, a person can be diagnosed with high blood pressure if he/she measured his/her upper arm blood pressure three times (other than on the same day) showing a condensed pressure of 140 mmHg or a condensed pressure of 90 mmHg.2. For persons with a history of hypertension, even if the current blood pressure value is normal, it is still diagnosed as an hypertension patient because of the effect of the pressure relief pill.3. Self-measured blood pressure in a family environment can also be diagnosed as high blood pressure if it is constricted at 135 mmHg or at 85 mmHg.4. A 24-hour dynamic blood pressure monitoring can be diagnosed as hypertension if the mean of the condensed pressure is found to be 130 mmHg or 80 mmHg.Treatment of primary hypertension:1. Improving lifestyles:Weight reduction: Obesity increases the heart burden and weight reduction can help to reduce blood pressure effectively. The goal is to achieve a healthy BMI, which is generally recommended to remain between 18.5 and 24.Healthy diets: Low salt, low lipid diets and increased intake of high-fibrous foods help to control weight and blood pressure.3 Increase in motion: Aerobics are regularly carried out, with a medium intensity of at least 150 minutes per week or a high intensity of 75 minutes per week.4 Stop smoking: Stop smoking can significantly reduce the risk of hypertension.Drinking is restricted: men are advised not to drink more than two cups a day and women not to drink more than one cup a day.Management pressure: Pressure activates the sensor system, resulting in increased blood pressure. The daily stress is managed through meditation, yoga, deep-breath exercises or other relaxing techniques.Monitoring of blood pressure: Periodic monitoring of blood pressure, understanding of blood pressure control and timely adjustment of treatment programmes.2. Pressure relief treatment:1-Lipent: By increasing the generation and excretion of urine, it helps to remove excess sodium and moisture in the body, thus reducing blood capacity and blood pressure.2-betareceptors: This type of drug reduces blood pressure by cutting up β-adrenaline receptors in the heart and blood vessels, and reduces heart output and heart rate.3 Calcium channel retardants: reduced vascular constriction and reduced blood pressure by blocking calcium ion from the path to the heart and vascular smooth muscle cells.4 vascular stressor converter enzyme inhibitor: Reduce vascular stressor II generation and blood pressure by inhibiting vascular stressor enzyme conversion.5 vascular stressor II receptor stressor: reduced vascular constriction and sodium sodium retention and reduced blood pressure by blocking the combination of vascular stressor II and its receptor AT1.6 vascular stressor receptor enzyme inhibitor: Sakuba Zathan is the representative drug of ARNI, which combines the effects of the entropy enzyme inhibitor and vascular stressor II receptor, reducing blood pressure through a dual mechanism.How to prevent primary hypertension:Low salt, low fat diet, regular exercise, no alcohol, regular blood pressure checkConcluding remarks:High blood pressure is a disease that can be controlled but requires long-term management. Blood pressure can be effectively controlled by changing lifestyles and following the advice of doctors to reduce the risk of complications such as heart disease and stroke. Healthy lifestyles are key to preventing and managing hypertension. Let us act together against this “silent killer”. Primary hypertension.
