Special skin-infected skin nodules

Skin nodules with special skin infections are a chronic skin disease caused by bacterial infections in the nodule branch, although their incidence is not high compared to other common skin diseases, but because of their special and complex nature, they have an unnegligible impact on the health and quality of life of patients. Knowledge about skin nodules is essential for early diagnosis, effective treatment and prevention of transmission. II. Path to infection of skin nodules (i) Direct exposure to external sources of infection: when the skin is directly exposed to a sluice, sept or other source of infection that contains a fraction of the tuberculosis fungi, it can enter through the dermal fracture. For example, there is a risk of infection when medical workers are exposed to open wounds or secretions of patients with tuberculosis, if their skin is slightly damaged. Indirect exposure to infection: Infections may also occur through exposure to articles contaminated with the nodule branch bacterium, such as clothing, towels, etc., but this is relatively rare. This usually requires a degree of defacement of the skin and a certain activity and quantity of the fungus in the nodules on the surface of the articles. (ii) Intra-genetic blood circulation: The tuberculosis skeletal bacteria found in the other parts of the body (e.g. tuberculosis, bone tuberculosis, etc.) can cycling through blood to skin, causing skin nodules. This is a common occurrence in cases of stale tuberculosis, which can spread widely to all skins and form a noose of the size of the stale. lymphatic spread: the nodule branch bacterium can be transmitted along the lymphatic tube from a nearby tuberculosis stove to skin. For example, neck lymph lymph nodes can exhaust the neck skin, leading to dermal tuberculosis. III. Clinical types and manifestations of skin nodules (i) common lupus, which is one of the most common skin nodule types. The pathologies usually begin to expand and integrate into one or more soft, light red or brown rashes. It’s characterised by the ” apple sauce sample” at the end, i.e., the visible knot is yellow, translucent, and similar to the look of apple sauce at the time of the film. These knots can break into ulcer, the edges of the ulcer are submergible, long-term insurgent, which can result in constrictive oscillations that seriously affect skin appearance and function. The common hemorrhoids are found in exposed areas such as the face, neck, hip, etc., and can be delayed for decades because of their slowness. (ii) Americ skin nodules are most frequently found in exposed areas, such as the back of hand, finger, foot, etc. Dark red rashes, the size of the soybeans, are growing and form acupuncture, with rough surfaces, thick horny skins, white or gray. When skin skins are removed, there is an increase in meat sprouts on the ground floor, which can easily be bleeding. The edges of the argon-like skin nodules are dykeed and the surrounding skin is immersed in dark red. The pathologies can be extended around, and the centre can form a tectonic healing and a unique ring or arc appearance. This type of skin tuberculosis is of a longer duration, with patients often having a history of long-term exposure to tuberculosis fungi or local skin damage. (iii) The lymphatic dermal nodules are mainly due to the direct spread of the fungus to the skin following the lymphatic nodules. It happens on both sides of the neck, under armpits, lymphs, etc. At the beginning, it became subcutaneous, growing, softening, bound to the skin, and eventually burst into ulcer and fistula. The edges of ulcer are irregular, snorkeling, and the base is a pale sprouts of meat, which spread thin puss and contain cheese. Skin-like nodules can be accompanied by local lymphoma swollen and painful lymphoma and can cause skin convulsions and malformations as a result of chronic fistula failure. (iv) Hard red spots are better than small legs, most of them young women. The subcutaneous knots, which begin to be peas to the size of the peas, are gradually increasing and are bound to the skin, with dark or purple red. The knots can recede on their own, but they can be repeated. When the knots were softened and broken, they formed deep into the sexual ulcer, with purple red on the edge and visible pain. The occurrence of hard red spots may be associated with the blood spread of Bacillus tuberculosis, while the immune status of patients has an important impact on the development of the disease, often accompanied by other tuberculosis stoves or a history of tuberculosis. (v) A high incidence of necrophate rashes among young people is good in the vicinity of limbs and elbows. The rash begins with a scattered rash, gravy to the size of green beans, colour red or purple red. The rash can grow, the centre is dying, it forms a sap, it drys up, and it leaves a small atrophy. The rash tends to occur in batches, repeatedly, and the patient generally has no apparent self-inception symptoms or only slight itching. Symptoms can be an allergy to the skin of Bacillus, often accompanied by tuberculosis or other internal nodules. IV. The diagnostic method for skin tuberculosis (i) medical history captures details of the patient ‘ s history of tuberculosis, including the history of tuberculosis infection in other parts, such as tuberculosis, lymphatic nodules, exposure to tuberculosis patients, and information on the occurrence and development of skin disease. For example, understanding whether the patient has long-term symptoms of all-body tuberculosis poisoning, such as low heat, sweat theft and inactivity, is an important reminder for diagnosis. (ii) Medical check-ups are carried out to examine the characteristics of dermal pathologies, such as morphology, size, colour, texture, etc., while taking care to check whether there are tuberculosis stoves in other parts of the body, such as lungs, lymphoma contact, etc. In the case of skin lesions, the presence of ulcers, fistulas, plaster marks, etc., as well as the condition of the surrounding skin, if there is no red or blemish. (iii) Laboratory examination of nodule fungus tests: observation of skin reactions by injection of nodule fungus into the skin. If the test results are positive, it is indicative of a tuberculosis infection, but it is not possible to identify the skin nodules, as the test is also positive for both passing nodules. Painting and culture: The extraction of materials from skin pathologies, such as ulcer ulcer, tissue fragments, etc., is carried out for acid-resistant chromosomal detection of nodule branch bacterium, or for nodule branch bacterium culture. However, the positive rate is low for smears, it takes longer to develop, and the positive rate is influenced by a number of factors. PCR: The detection of DNA in the nodule branch bacterium, with a high sensitivity and specificity, allows for rapid diagnosis of skin nodules, but the method may have false positive results, requiring a combination of clinical and integrated judgment. (iv) Organization of pathology examinations for skin pathologies, which can be seen in the typical nodule knots, i.e., in the center of the cheese, where upper skin cells, Langhans megacells and lymphocytes are immersed. Organization of pathological examinations is important for the diagnosis of skin nodules, but in some cases they need to be identified with other bulging diseases. 5. Treatment of skin nodules (i) whole-body treatment of anti-tuberculosis drugs: treatment of skin nodules, like that of other parts of nodules, requires early, joint, appropriate, regular and complete treatment. Common anti-tuberculosis drugs include amphibian, lifoping, ethylamide and ethylambutol. Treatment programmes typically use a combination of several drugs, such as amphibian + lefopardium + 吡嗪amide + ethylamidool, which are generally long and can be 6-9 months or longer depending on the condition. Monitoring of adverse drug reactions: In the course of anti-tuberculosis treatment, there is a need to monitor closely the adverse effects of drugs, such as isotophinol, which can cause neurological inflammation in the surrounding area, Lifoping, which can cause hepatofunctional damage, allergies, etc., ethylamide can cause hyperureamateemia, and ethylam butanol may lead to visual neuroinflammitis. Indicators such as liver function, blood protocol, urine acid, vision, etc. are regularly checked and treatment programmes are adjusted in a timely manner. (ii) Partially treated cleaning and care: For patients with skin ulcer and seepage, local skin cleanness is maintained and medicines are periodically replaced to prevent secondary infections. The ulcer surface, such as iodine volts, can be washed with mild disinfectant water. Surgical treatment: For some limited dermal tuberculosis, such as argon-type skin tuberculosis, surgical removal may be considered on the basis of full-body anti-tuberculosis treatment. However, the operation must be carried out in conditions of stable conditions and effective control of the fungus in order to avoid the spread of the fungus in tuberculosis. Fistula can also be operated on, but post-operative treatment against tuberculosis is still required. (vi) Prevention and control of transmission sources of skin nodules: Patients of tuberculosis, such as active tuberculosis, should be treated in a timely manner and in a manner that reduces the spread of fungi. Patients should be properly treated for slurry, e.g. through the use of chlorine disinfectants. Cut off the means of communication: strengthen health education and raise public awareness of the means of transmission of tuberculosis. Take care of personal hygiene and avoid close contact with persons with tuberculosis, in particular exposure to infectious secretions such as sluice and sepsis. In public places such as hospitals, disinfection is carried out, such as in wards, clinics, etc., on a regular basis. (b) Protection of vulnerable populations: People at high risk, such as persons in close contact with tuberculosis patients, medical personnel, etc., can be screened for tuberculosis fungus tests and, for negatives, can be considered for BCG. At the same time, care should be taken to improve the body ‘ s immunity and to prevent tuberculosis infections by improving the body ‘ s health by balancing diets, adequate exercise and regularity. Skin tuberculosis, a special skin-infective disease, requires increased vigilance in clinical practice. Accurate diagnosis, reasonable treatment and effective preventive measures are key to the control of skin nodules. As medicine continues to develop, our understanding of and treatment for skin nodules is growing, and it is hoped that more research and practice will better safeguard the health of patients and reduce the harm caused by skin nodules.