Scarlet Fever is an acute infectious disease caused by the infection of the group A beta- soluble streptococcus, which is transmitted mainly by foam or direct contact. The disease is characterized by fever, larynitis and rashes in the whole body, mostly among children, especially children aged 3 to 10. If it is not treated in a timely manner, it may cause serious complications, such as rheumatism and acute kidney inflammation. The symptoms of red fever and treatment methods are described in detail in this paper.
I. Symptoms of red fever
The clinical performance of red fever is typically more typical, with the pathology being divided into latitudinal, acute and recovery periods, with characteristics for each stage.
(i) Vacuum period
The incubation period for red fever is generally 2 to 5 days, at which stage the patient is not suffering from visible symptoms but is already contagious.
(ii) Acute period
The acute period is the main stage of the development of red fever, and the symptoms are as follows:
1. All-body symptoms
Heat: Patients usually show high heat, with a temperature of 39-40°C, accompanied by cold war and physical inactivity.
Throat pain: The pain in the throat is evident, it increases when swallowed, and it is often accompanied by sound and mute.
Headaches and nausea: Some patients may suffer from symptoms of general discomfort such as headaches, nausea and vomiting.
2. Herpes
Chlamydia: one or two days after the onset of the disease, the patient suffers from a permafrost rash, which first appears in the neck, chest and armpit, and then extends to the whole body. The rash is stingy, it fades and touchs with a “sand-paper” sense of roughness.
Mouth chorus: The skin of the patient is red, but the area of mouth chorus is pale and forms a typical “peer chorus”.
The rash recedes: the rash usually recedes about a week after the onset of the disease, followed by decrum, especially in the palm and bottom of the foot.
3. Molar changes
Strawberry tongue: The tongue was initially covered with white moss, then the moss fell off, the tongue was red and the nipples were significantly enlarged, in the form of strawberry.
4. Symptom performance
The larvae is marked by haemorrhage, the body of tonsils is swollen and the surface is septical.
(iii) Recovery period
When the symptoms of the acute period are alleviated, the patient enters the recovery period, the body temperature gradually returns to normal, the rash recedes and the fallout ends. At this stage, there has been a significant reduction in the infectious nature of patients, but attention needs to be paid to the occurrence of complications.
II. Treatment of red fever
The treatment of red fever is based on anti-infection treatment, which combines treatment support and prevention of complications. Early diagnosis and standardized treatment are key to preventing increased conditions and complications.
(i) Anti-infection treatment
1. Antibiotic treatment
Antibiotics are at the core of the treatment of red fever and are the preferred drugs for group A beta streptocyte.
Penicillin, such as penicillin V or Amorim, is a first-line treatment, with significant efficacy and low resistance.
Capacitoxin: e.g., fascin or cosmocrosis, which can be used in patients who are allergic to penicillin.
Large ringed esters: e.g. erythrocin or caracinol, can be used in patients who are allergies of penicillin and who are not resistant to the accelerant.
The course of antibiotics is usually 10 days, and is strictly carried out in strict compliance with medical instructions in order to completely remove pathogens and prevent complications.
2. Antibiotic injections
Penicillin G muscle injection or intravenous drip can be used for patients with severe conditions or who are unable to take oral medication.
(ii) Patient support treatment
1. Heating and pain relief
The pain of fever and throat is mitigated by the use of dethermal analgesics (e.g. acetylaminophenol or brofen).
Where necessary, sprays containing anaesthesia (e.g., Lidocaine spray) may be used in part to alleviate throat pain.
2. Rehydration therapy
For patients with high heat or food difficulties, the hydrolysis balance can be maintained by intravenous rehydration to prevent dehydration.
3. Local care
The mouth is rinsed with warm salt water or antibacterial hysteresis (e.g., chlorine) to keep the mouth clean and to mitigate larynx inflammation.
Avoid stimulant food and provide digestive, highly nutritious fluid or semi-fluent diets.
(iii) Prevention and management of complications
Rheumatism
In the case of rheumatism, antibiotics should be used immediately to control the infection, and a combination of inflammatory drugs (e.g. aspirin) should be used to mitigate inflammation.
When necessary, serious heart disease can be treated with sugar cortex hormones (e.g., Penneson).
2. Acute kidney pelvis
For renal inflammation caused by streptococcal infections, salt and protein ingestion should be restricted and, if necessary, urea or antitensive drugs used.
3. Ache around tonsils
In the case of patients who have developed abscesses, symptoms can be mitigated by piercing or cutting the sepsis.
III. Prevention of red fever
Chlamydia fever is a more contagious disease and preventive measures include the following:
1. Segregation of patients
Patients diagnosed are treated in isolation to avoid contact with health groups, especially children.
Patients are significantly less contagious after 48 hours of antibiotics treatment and can be released from isolation.
2. Strengthening hygiene
Hand-washing, avoiding hand-to-mouth contact and reducing transmission opportunities for pathogens.
To avoid sharing utensils, towels, etc. with patients.
3. Increased immunization
Increased body immunity through proper diet, proper exercise and adequate sleep to reduce the risk of infection.
4. Timely treatment of upper respiratory infections
In case of upper respiratory infections such as oscillitis, tonsilitis, etc., treatment should be provided in a timely manner to prevent an increase in the condition or subsequent red fever.
5. Health education
(c) Strengthen health education for parents and schools, disseminate knowledge about the prevention and treatment of red fever and timely detection and reporting of suspected cases.
Concluding remarks
Chlamydia fever is a common acute infectious disease, and most patients can fully recover if they are diagnosed and treated at an early stage. The prognosis of patients can be significantly improved through the rational use of antibiotics, treatment of symptoms and prevention of complications. At the same time, strengthening preventive measures and raising public health awareness are important for reducing the incidence of red fever. In the future, as medical technology progresses, the treatment and prevention of red fever will become more efficient and provide better health security for patients.
Red fever.
