Symptoms of stomach cancer and current situation
First, the global incidence of stomach cancer: by 2020, more than 1 million cases of stomach cancer had been diagnosed and 768,000 deaths, the fifth most common and fourth most common cause of death. Although stomach cancer morbidity and mortality have declined in recent years, it remains a major contributor to the global cancer burden. 2. Stomach cancer in China: stomach cancer is particularly high in China and poses a serious threat to the health of the population. The high incidence of and mortality from stomach cancer in China underscores the urgency of exploring and optimizing an integrated management strategy with Chinese characteristics that covers prevention, screening, diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation. Risk factors: Risk factors associated with the onset of stomach cancer include, inter alia, genetic susceptibility and external environmental factors. On the basis of Lauren’s stratification, stomach cancer can be classified into intestinal, pervading and hybrid forms, which are generally considered to be associated with genetic susceptibility. 4. Sphinx infection: Large-scale, national, family-based epidemiological studies indicate that cholesterocella infection is a key factor in the prevention of stomach cancer in China.
The causes of stomach cancer are complex and involve a number of factors, including, inter alia, the following: HP infections can lead to stomach mucculitis and accelerate the over-emergence of mucous skin cells, thus increasing the risk of stomach cancer. 2. Genetic factors: stomach cancer has a certain family concentration, and genetic susceptibility factors play a role in the onset of stomach cancer. Some genetic mutations, such as those of the CDH1 and the CTNNA1 genes, are pathogenic or are likely to cause pathological mutation, and are associated with genetic pervading stomach cancer. 3. Environmental and dietary factors: There are significant geographical differences in the incidence of stomach cancer related to the local environment and dietary habits. There is a high incidence of far-end cancer of the stomach in people with long-term fumigated, salted foods, associated with high levels of carcinogens or pre-carcinants, such as nitrates, fungal toxins and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the foods of Central Asia. Smoking and alcohol consumption: Smoking and alcohol use are a risk factor for stomach cancer. The risk of stomach cancer among smokers is 50 per cent higher than among non-smokers, while alcohol consumption can significantly increase the risk of stomach cancer. Pre-cancer pathologies: These include atrophy of the gastric mucous membrane, intestinal cortiology and hetogeneity, all of which may be associated with a different degree of chronic inflammation and may turn into cancer. 6. Mental factors: Chronic stress, depression, etc., can increase the risk of stomach cancer. Other factors: including occupational exposure (e.g., long-term exposure to sulphuric acid dust, lead, asbestos, etc.), radiation exposure may also be associated with increased risks of stomach cancer. Poor eating habits, such as high-saline diets, over-ingestion of smoked food and low intake of fruits and vegetables, are also risk factors for stomach cancer. These factors may act individually or jointly, leading to stomach cancer. Understanding these risk factors contributes to preventive measures to reduce the risk of stomach cancer.
1. Principle of integrated treatment: Treatment of stomach cancer shall be based on the principle of integrated treatment, i.e. multidisciplinary combination treatment (MDT) based on the type of oncological pathology and clinical stage, taking into account the general condition of the patient and the function of the organ. 2. Treatment for early stomach cancer: Patients with early stomach cancer and no evidence of lymphoma transfer may be considered for endoscopy treatment or surgical treatment based on the depth of the tumour, without the need for a second or subsequent treatment. 3. Treatment of stomach cancer during partial progress: stomach cancer during partial progress or early stomach cancer with lymphoma transfer should be treated in a surgically comprehensive manner. Depending on the depth of the tumour invasion and whether it is accompanied by a lymphoma transfer, consideration may be given to a direct root operation or a new assisted chemotherapy before an operation, followed by a root surgery. 4. Re-emergence/transferal stomach cancer treatment: Re-emergence/transferal stomach cancer should be treated with a combination of drug-based treatment, with partial treatment such as palliative surgery, treatment, intervention, radio-frequency treatment, at the appropriate time, and with the best possible support for pain, stubling and nutritional support. 5. Immunization treatment and targeting treatment: In the area of stomach cancer treatment, immunization treatment and targeting treatment are research hot spots. Domestic PD-1 inhibitors are gradually showing effects in the treatment of stomach cancer, while researchers are also concerned about the reduction of toxicity and the exploration of new treatment models. 6. New drug research: new drug research in the area of stomach cancer focuses on some hot targets, such as CLCS.18.2 and FGFR2b
Stomach cancer
