Treatment and management of early childhood arthritis

Childhood specific arthritis (JIA) is an unknown group of chronic arthritis, mostly among children under 16 years of age, which can cause joint pain, swelling, deformities and functional disorders, seriously affecting the growth and quality of life of the infected child. The following is an overview of the treatment and management of JIA.

I. Diagnosis points

1. Clinical performance: Symptoms of joints are core manifestations, such as joint pain, swelling, restricted movement, can be drawn to single or multiple joints, common in large joints such as knees, wrists, elbows, ankles, etc., and, in some cases, small joints. In addition, hemorrhaging, rashes, liver spleen and lymphomy swollen symptoms may be associated with the whole body.

Laboratory examination: The blood examination usually shows an increase in erythrocyte deposition (ESR), C Reactive Protein (CRP) and a hint of inflammation activity; the rheumatizers (RF) and the Aluminium Aminoate Antibodies (CCP) have a certain positive rate in some types of JIA, but the overall positive rate is lower than that of rheumatic arthritis in humans. At the same time, blood routines, liver and kidney functions, etc., are required to assess the overall condition of the child and to exclude other diseases.

3. Visual examination: X-rays may show corrosive osteoporosis, osteoporosis, arthropod damage and shrinking of the joints, but early pathologies may not be visible. The MRI is of high value for the early detection of arthropod, cartilage and osteoporosis.

Treatment

1. Drug treatment:

– Non-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): Brophine, Pippin, etc., are the first-line drugs for the treatment of JIA, which effectively relieves joint pain and swelling but does not prevent joint damage.

– Anti-Rheumatism Medicines (DMARDs): The most common drug is amamamide, which applies to multiple joints of JIA and slows the progress of the disease. Other DMARDs, such as fluorometts, nitrous sulfon, etc., can be used jointly for those who are more seriously ill or have a poor reaction to the acetamide.

– Biological preparations, such as the cancer cause of death – TNF – alpha inhibitors (innasip, Inflisi, etc.), which have a significant effect on the treatment of traditional drugs or on children with serious joint pathologies, subject to the risk of infection and other side effects.

– Sugar cortex hormones: long-term large-dose use is not generally recommended, mostly for short-term applications when the condition is severe or when the major organs of the body are burdened, in order to control inflammation quickly and then gradually reduce the amount.

Physicotherapy: During a period of disease relief, physiotherapy can help the patient to restore joint function, including heat dressing, massage, joint activity training, muscle force training, etc., which helps to reduce joint pain, improve the range of joint and muscle activity and improve self-care.

III. Disease management

1. Regular follow-up: establishment of a permanent follow-up mechanism for periodic assessment of the incidence of childhood diseases, joint function, growth and development, and drug malfeasance, and timely adjustment of treatment programmes to changing conditions.

Vaccination: During treatment with immunosuppressants or biological agents, precautions shall be taken to prevent infectious diseases by inoculations, which may be administered under the direction of a doctor.

3. Psychological support: Attention is given to the mental health of the child, who is vulnerable to anxiety, depression, etc., as a result of the chronic process of the disease, the pain of treatment and the influence of his/her appearance and mobility. Parents and health-care providers should provide psychological care and counselling to help the sick build confidence in overcoming the disease.

4. Health education: To disseminate information about JIA to infected children and their parents, including disease characteristics, treatment principles, methods of drug use and care, priorities for day-to-day care, so as to improve the capacity of families to manage themselves and to promote recovery and healthy development.

Through comprehensive and systematic treatment and management, it is possible to effectively control early childhood specific arthritis, reduce the incidence of joint disability and improve long-term post-natal care.