Treatment of immune adverse effects

Immunotherapy ADR-related adverse effects are mostly moderate and reversible. The main adverse effects associated with immunotherapy are rashes, itchism, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. What about the rash and the itch? The presence of mild itching can be used to rub skins or external drugs (e.g. the use of moistures and sugar-coated hormones, or oral anti-montamine or hydroxychloroquine); when it affects normal life, the intervention of dermatologists is required. When there is a mild rash, oral antimontamine and external sugar cortex hormonal treatment; when there is a third degree rash (more than 30% skin with or without rash, associated with associated symptoms, affecting self-care), there is a need to suspend the treatment and to consult a dermatologist. What about the hypothyroidic or hyperthyroidism? This is also one of the main adverse effects of the use of immuno-drugs by many oncological patients. Patients with no symptoms only contribute to thyroid hormones, recommending continued immunotherapy and detection of thyroid function. Immunisation can be restored if symptoms such as excessive sweating, fear of heat, agitation, increased heart rate, increased appetite, loss of weight, increased defecation, goitre, edema of lower limbs, fatigue, tremors, etc. are present. Doctors recommend delayed immunisation treatment, timely consultation with the attending physician, and treatment of symptoms, detection of thyroid function, etc. What if you throw up? The preferred patient needs to know the classification criteria for nausea and vomiting. A total of four levels are included: level I (reduced appetite, 1-2 vomiting in 24h); level II (reduced food, loss of visible weight, dehydration or malnutrition, 3-5 vomiting in 24h); level III (shortage of normal oral energy and liquid intake, requiring supplementary nutrients or intervention treatment, > 6 vomiting in 24h, requiring supplementary nutrients or intervention treatment); and level IV (life-threatening). Disgusting, vomiting is the main method of treatment, avoiding over-eating, greasy, overheated or cold food and sweet food. Eat more at the least disgusting hour of the day (mostly in the morning) and eat less and do not lie down immediately after. The choice of fresh, digestible, high-vitamin fluids or semi-fluent diets and acidic fruits (e.g. lemonade, plums, etc.) can alleviate nausea. If you have a Level 3 or Level 4 vomiting reaction, you need to give it back to your attending. What should people with diarrhoea do? Diarrhoea is also mainly classified in level 4, and patients can assess the severity of their own diarrhoea on the same day. Level I (diarrhea less than 4 per day), level II (diarrhea > 4-6 per day, abdominal pain, constipation, etc.), level III (diarrhea > 7 per day, severe abdominal pain, peritoneal traction, etc.) and level IV ( gastrointestinal perforation, etc.). In case of diarrhea symptoms, the patient wipes his or her anus with soft paper, wet towels and, if necessary, with warm water. In the case of diarrhea symptoms above level 2 (diarrhea more than or equal to four per day, abdominal pain, etc.), timely contact with the attending physician is recommended. The treatment of tumours is a long process and basic diseases of patients on tumours are more common than other diseases, and close attention is paid to whether there is an adverse reaction in the treatment or whether there is an increase in the symptoms of the original symptoms, and if there is an abnormal first-time feedback to the competent physician, they are dealt with in a timely manner. Most of the negative effects are reversible, and patients do not need to pay too much attention to the adverse effects of drugs in treating tumours and maintain a positive and healthy mentality.