In recent years, as people ‘ s standard of living has improved, the incidence of tuberculosis has decreased significantly over time, but tuberculosis is sometimes characterized by unusual symptoms and a high rate of absenteeism; some patients suffer from unusual visual performance, combined with limited detection of tuberculosis at non-communicable hospitals, low screening rates and a high rate of error, and therefore deserves the attention of patients and medical personnel.
The clinical symptoms of tuberculosis are diverse and include mainly respiratory and overall symptoms. Respiratory symptoms: 1. Cough: is the most common symptom of tuberculosis, manifested in chronic cough, mostly dry cough or irritating cough, and such patients are less likely to attract the attention of the patient and are susceptible to leaks; 2. crumbs: A small number of patients may have chromosomal blood, which can be seen in the form of haemorrhage or haemorrhage, associated with vascular erosion caused by a lung disease, which is generally not susceptible to leak; 3. chest pains: When tuberculosis is tingled and the pleural membranes, the patient may have chest pains, especially when deep breath or coughing is more pronounced; 4. Respiratory difficulties: With the increase in the area of pulmonary disease, or the combination of thoracic fluids or combined bronchial membrane nodules, the patient can suffer from respiratory inactivity. All-body symptoms: 1. Heat: generally low after noon, temperature below 38°C, and moderate and high fever. Some of the elderly infirm patients, whose body is less immune, are in a normal state of health and are highly susceptible to leakage, which should be highlighted; 2. Theft of sweat: most of them occur at night or in the morning, when they wake up and they find their clothes or bedding; 3. Illness: the patient is often tired of not being able to lift his or her mind and do anything; 4. The wasting: the patient ‘ s body weight can be clearly reduced.
Diagnosis: TB diagnosis is based mainly on symptoms, tectonic smears and chest or chest CT examinations. In particular, patients with long cough periods require a chest tablet or chest CT to check for typical image manifestations of tuberculosis, such as hollow holes, tree sprouts, aluminum plaster, etc., but there are a number of image-inhibiters who are not typical of tuberculosis, and such patients need to consider the presence of tuberculosis if there is no significant change in the routine provision of general anti-infection treatment. The paping or pathology is the nodule diagnostic gold standard, but the piping is less positive and the pepsis PCR is significantly more positive than the piping, but attention needs to be paid to contamination leading to the appearance of false positives! For routine anti-infection treatment that is ineffective, tuberculosis microcosm and PCR negative, highly suspected patients with tuberculosis, it is possible to test T-spot or pathogen NGS. If necessary, experimental anti-tuberculosis treatments are observed, and they are verified back.
Treatment principles: To prevent drug-resistant tuberculosis, strong drug treatment is essential. They include early, regular, full, joint, appropriate.
The choice of therapeutic drugs: treatment is divided into intensive and consolidation phases. The intensive phase involves a combination of a variety of powerful microbicides and microbicides, with a general two-month course of treatment, with the most common drugs being amphibian, lefpopine, ethylamide, ethylam butol, etc., and the consolidation phase, with the most common drug being amphibian and lifopine. Drug-resistant tuberculosis requires longer time for anti-tuberculosis treatment, while drug-sensitive experiments are needed to remove pathogens wherever possible.
Preventive measures: Vaccination of newborns can significantly reduce the incidence of tuberculosis infection, even if the infection is relatively low; increased infection control in the medical environment; tuberculosis cases are detected in areas where populations are concentrated, such as schools, factories, etc.; tuberculosis transmission needs to be monitored as much as possible; improved sanitary conditions and physical exercise should be improved.
