Uncovering the “faceline” of bacterial infections in emergency surgery: common bacterial and antibacterial strategies

In the clinical work of emergency surgery, bacterial infections are very common and complex. Timely and accurate identification of common pathogens and the development of sound and effective antibacterial strategies are essential to saving patients ‘ lives, reducing disability rates and controlling the spread of infection.I. Types of bacterial infections and pathogens common to emergency surgery(i) Injury infections1. Gluccus pluccus: this is one of the most common strains of infection in the wound. It is widely present on the skin surface of humans and in areas such as nasal mucous membranes. When the skin is broken, such as abrasions, cuts, stab wounds, etc., the golden fungus may enter the wound and cause infection. A variety of toxins and enzymes, such as condensation enzymes, solubles, can lead to local tissues that are red, painful, hot, and, in severe cases, swollen and yellow, slimy.Consortia: Includes type B blood soluble streptocyte, etc. Such bacteria are often transmitted through exposure and account for a certain proportion of injury infections. They produce transparent acid enzymes, chain hormones, etc., and make the infection more diffuse and cause beeweave. The skin around the wounds of the patient is covered by red and red, with unclear borders, severe pain and all-body symptoms such as fever and cold fighting.Tetanus: Most in soil, rust, etc. When the wound is contaminated with contaminants containing tetanus fungus, especially when the wound is deep and narrow and creates an anaerobic environment, the fungus breeds in large quantities and produces tetanus convulsions. This toxin can affect the normal functioning of the nervous system, leading to typical tetanus symptoms such as closed teeth, a bitter smile and angular bow, which seriously threaten life safety.(ii) Cervical infections1. Entiree: The most common abdominal infection is the gelatinella. It is extensive in the human intestinal tract, and when a perforation of the internal abdominal organs, such as appendix perforation, gastrointestinal perforation, etc., enters the abdominal cavity, causing infections such as peritonealitis. Patients show severe abdominal pain, abdominal stress, pressure pain, anti-jump pain, with symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, fever, etc., which can lead to an infectious shock in serious cases.2. Anaerobic bacteria: e.g., vulnerable fungi. In anaerobic conditions in the abdominal cavity, anaerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria are common. They can produce a variety of toxins and enzymes, destroy internal abdominal tissues and organs, lead to abdominal abscess formation and make the condition more difficult to treat. In addition to the symptoms of peritonealitis described above, chronic infections such as chronic hypothermia and wasting can occur.3. intestinal fungus: also one of the most common pathogens of abdominal infections. It can enter the abdominal cavity when the intestinal barrier is damaged, causing infection. The intestinal fungus infection is characterized by natural or acquired resistance to a variety of antibacterial drugs, which poses greater challenges for treatment.(iii) Utility system infections1. Big intestinal echilosis: also the main fungi of infections in the urology system. Owing to the short and directness of women’s urinal tracts, the proximity of the mouth to the anus makes it more likely that there will be anaesthesia. Patients often suffer from bladder irritation symptoms such as urination, excrement and urination, which can be accompanied by pain in the waist, fever, blood urine, etc., and routine urine tests of white, red and bacteria.2. Transformation of bacterium: This type of bacteria is also more common in urinary system infections, especially in cases of abnormal structures of the urinary system or urinary route stones. Transformation has the effect of dissecting urea to produce ammonia, making the urine alkaline, thus contributing to the formation and growth of stones and further exacerbating the infection. The symptoms of the patient are similar to those of the enema, but the urine may smell of special ammonia.3. Creberella: The incidence of Creberella infection is higher among patients with long-term retention of catheters or basic diseases of the urinary system. It can cause bladder inflammation, renal renal inflammation, etc. In addition to the symptoms of the urology system, the patient may also suffer from serious infections of the whole body, such as high heat, cold warfare, respiratory distress, etc.II. Antibacterial strategies for common pathogens(i) Injury infections1. For golden fungus infections: if the infection is light and is not resistant to the risk of infection, the option is to use phenolicillin, chloroxin and other antibiotics that are resistant to enzyme penicillin. For methoxin-resistant septococcus (MRSA) infections, the use of glucoxin, sugar antibiotics such as kolanin, or odoxone antibiotics such as linazine is required. Local wound treatment is also essential and should be done in a timely manner to remove dead tissues and foreign objects, to keep them clean and to facilitate healing.2. Streptococcus infection: penicillin remains the drug of choice for treatment and, for penicillin allergies, it is possible to use precipitin or large cyclic ester antibiotics, such as Archicin. At the same time, care should be taken to rest and to lift up the limbs in order to alleviate local swelling and pain.3. Tetanus complication: In case of suspected or confirmed tetanus, it should be done immediately to remove the alien and necrosis in the wound and to immunize with a high dose of tetanus antitoxin (TAT) or tetanus immunoglobin (TIG) to moderate and internal toxins. At the same time, antibiotics such as penicillin are given to kill tetanus to control infections. Patients need to be placed in a quiet, light-shield environment, to avoid irritation and, if necessary, to provide tranquillizers, decompressants and other serious consequences such as suffocation.(ii) Cervical infections1. A third-generation antibiotics, such as thorium pine, thorium, or quinone-like antibiotics, such as left-oxen fluoride, Mossa, etc., may be selected as the main abdominal infections: these drugs have a strong antibacterial activity for the grenan cactus. At the same time, taking into account that abdominal infections are mostly mixed, there is a common need for the joint use of anti-aerobic drugs, such as americium, anonyms, etc. For severe abdominal infections, the option is to use carbon acne antibiotics, such as amphetamine, meropenan, etc., to ensure that there is also a good antibacterial effect on potential drug-resistant bacteria.2. Anaerobic infections: Metrazine and Otrazine are commonly used drugs for the treatment of anaerobic infections, which have special effects on anaerobics such as Visible Bacillus. In the case of joint use, the dose and course of treatment should be determined on the basis of the patient ‘ s specific circumstances and severity. In cases of abdominal sepsis, for example, it may also be necessary to perform a puncture or surgery to remove the sepsis and necrosis and to promote healing of the infection.3. Infection of intestinal fungus: The treatment is more difficult because of the resistance of intestinal fungi to multiple antibacterial drugs. For sensitive strains, antibiotics such as ammonia sicillin, penicillin and, if necessary, a combination of aminomal sugar-like antibiotics are optional, subject to the monitoring of kidney function and ear toxicity. For drug-resistant intestinal fungus infections, the use of drugs such as vancocin and linazine may be considered, but adverse reactions such as the renal toxicity of vancocin should also be closely observed.(iii) Utility system infections1. Enzymosis in the U.S.: For non-complex urinary system infections, furan-based and phosphoxin aminotriol are optional drugs with high concentrations in the urin system, with better efficacy and relatively less adverse effects. In the case of complex urologist system infections or the risk of drug-resistant infections, third-generation antibiotics, quinone antibiotics, etc., can be used. During treatment, the patient should be encouraged to have more drinking water and urine to wash his/her urethological tract and to promote bacterial discharge.2. Transformation and Creber: Treatment is generally available using third-generation antibiotics or quinone antibiotics. For bacterial strains that produce ultra-species β-neamase (ESBLs), the option is to use carbon-acrylated antibiotics. At the same time, the causes of infection in the urology system, such as the removal of urine barriers and the removal of stones, should be actively sought and addressed in order to prevent the recurrence of the infection.Bacteria infections in emergency surgery are complex and variable, and it is a challenging task to accurately diagnose the fungi and develop sound antibacterial strategies. Doctors need to take into account the multiple factors of the patient ‘ s condition, area of infection, past history of disease, and history of drug allergy, to select the most appropriate antibacterial drugs, and to closely observe the effects and adverse effects of treatment, and to adjust the treatment programme in a timely manner in order to increase the success rate of treatment for infection and to ensure the health and safety of patients. At the same time, the strengthening of hospital infection control measures and the prevention of the production and spread of drug-resistant bacteria are also important components of emergency surgical antibacterial treatment.