In modern societies, hypertension has become a common chronic disease that seriously endangers human health and is now a serious chronic disease in our country. For the prevention and control of the disease, it is important to learn about hypertension.
High blood pressure, i.e. increased blood pressure, is the major characteristic of the increase in blood pressure from the body ‘ s circulation artery (condensed thorium 140 mm mercury column, condensed thorium 90 mm mercury column), which can be accompanied by clinical symptoms of organ function or physical damage such as heart, brain, kidney, etc.
High blood pressure can’t be minimized. Long-term hypertension can place a heavy burden on the heart and can easily cause serious heart diseases such as coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, etc. The effects on cerebrovascular vessels are also significant and can lead to cerebrovascular accidents such as cerebral haemorrhage and brain infarction, while the light causes physical palsy, speech impairments and life risk. In addition, high blood pressure can damage the kidneys, gradually leading to a reduction in the kidney function or even to urine poisoning. At the same time, hypertension can cause ophthalmosis and affect vision.
The causes of high blood pressure are varied, mainly as follows:
1. Genetic factors
High blood pressure is genetic, and other individuals have a relatively high risk of hypertension if they have members in the household who have hypertension.
2. Poor lifestyle
(1) High salt diet: Over-ingestion of salt increases human blood capacity, resulting in increased blood pressure.
(2) Lack of exercise: a chronic lack of exercise slows down physical metabolism and accumulates fat, which can easily cause obesity, which is one of the major risk factors for hypertension.
(3) Excessive mental stress: a prolonged state of stress, anxiety and stress can give rise to a sense of neurological exasperation, leading to increased blood pressure.
(4) Smoking and drinking: Smoking causes damage to vascular skin cells, which reduces vascular elasticity and increases blood pressure. It’ll cause bad blood pressure.
Hypertensive disease is not visible at an early stage, and it is called a “silent killer”. It is only when a medical examination takes place or when a complex disorder occurs that he/she suffers from hypertension. Some patients may suffer from headaches, dizziness, heart palpitation, ringing, insomnia, etc., but these symptoms are not specific and may be caused by other causes.
The diagnosis of hypertension was mainly based on measurements of blood pressure. In general, the upper arm blood pressure is measured by calibrated sphygmomanometers in a quiet state. If the constrictive pressure exceeding 140 mmHg and/or the condensed pressure exceeding 90 mmHg is measured three times on the non-date, it can be diagnosed as high blood pressure. Blood pressure monitoring of patients diagnosed with hypertension is carried out on a regular basis in order to adjust the treatment plan in a timely manner. In general, patients can measure their blood pressure at home on a daily basis, record the results and return to the hospital on a regular basis.
The treatment of hypertension is generally based on the improvement of lifestyle (1) low salt diet: the reduction of salt intake, which is controlled below 6 grams per person per day for low salt purposes. (2) Motivation: Aerobic exercise of medium intensity is maintained on a weekly basis for at least 2.5 hours, i.e., run, jogging, swimming, etc., and may be accompanied by force training. (3) Weight control: To maintain a normal range of weight and exercise through a reasonable diet. (4) Prohibition of smoking: While limiting the amount of alcohol is of some assistance in the control of blood pressure, cessation of smoking has the effect of significantly reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease. (5) To ease stress: to learn to relax, to relieve stress by meditation, yoga, deep breath.
Second, there is a need for medication under the guidance of a doctor if blood pressure cannot be effectively controlled through improved lifestyles. Pressure relief drugs are currently more commonly used in urea, beta receptor blockers, calcium route retardants, vascular stressor II receptor retardants, among which calcium route blockers and vascular stressor II receptor blockers are more commonly used as pressure relief drugs. In the specific case of the patient, the doctor chooses the drug on his/her own.
In daily life, blood pressure should be measured on a regular basis through periodic medical check-ups, especially for high-risk groups with a history of obesity, long-term smoking and drinking, stress or family hypertension, in order to detect high blood pressure at an early stage. High blood pressure should also be prevented by low-salt, low-fat, low-smalt diets, adequate exercise, abdication of alcohol and a healthy lifestyle such as good mentalities.
In short, hypertension is a preventable disease. By learning about high blood pressure, developing a healthy lifestyle, regular medical examinations and monitoring of blood pressure, and timely treatment, we can effectively prevent and control high blood pressure and protect our healthy lives.
References:
[1] Guide to the Prevention and Control of High Blood Pressure in China (Revised 2018), prepared by organizations such as the Chinese High Blood Pressure Union.
[2] “Hypertension risk factors and progress in prevention and treatment research”, Modern Preventive Medicine
