What are the main causes of abortion?

The termination of the birth, medically referred to as the termination of the embryo, refers to the cessation of the embryo ‘ s growth during its development, usually at the early stages of pregnancy. The reasons for the birth stoppage are many, and the following are common:1. Chromosomal anomaliesEmbroidery chromosomal abnormality: About 50-70 per cent of birth stoppage is due to embryonic chromosomal abnormality. These anomalies may be due to chromosomal abnormalities of both parents or to errors of the embryo in the process of separation.Parental chromosomal anomalies: One or both parents may carry chromosomal structure or number abnormalities, which may lead to the abnormal development of the embryo.2. Immunization system issuesSelf-immuno-immunological diseases, such as systemic red hemorrhoids, anti-phosphate syndrome, can lead to immune system attacks on embryos.Same type of immunisation: The mother-to-child immune system may wrongly identify embryos as alien substances and attack them.3. Endocrine disordersThyroid abnormalities: Declining or hyperbole in thyroid can affect embryo development.Diabetes: Uncontrolled diabetes can lead to abortion.Polyseptic ovary syndrome: This endocrine disease can lead to ovulation anomalies and hormone imbalances.Reproductive diseasesCervical anomalies: Anomalous uterine structures, such as uterus development, uterine musculoma and uterine aberration, may affect embryonic bed and development.Pyretics: Pyretic inflammation, adhesiveness or water accumulation may cause the embryo to lose normal bed.5. InfectionsTORCH: These include bow worms, rubella viruses, megacell viruses, and herpes-only viruses, which may affect embryonic development during pregnancy.Bacteria infections: Bacteria infections such as Lesterella and syphilis spirals can also lead to birth loss.6. Environmental factorsHarmful chemical substances: Long-term exposure to harmful chemical substances, such as heavy metals, organic solvents, pesticides, etc., may affect embryonic development.Radiation: High doses of radiation exposure may cause damage to embryos.7. Drug factorsCertain drugs: the use of certain drugs during pregnancy, such as anti-oncological drugs, anti-eclampsia drugs, some antibiotics, etc., may have a negative impact on the embryo.Life habitsSmoking: Smoking reduces uterine blood flow and reduces the oxygen and nutrition available to embryos.Alcohol: Alcohol is toxic to embryos and can lead to birth termination.Excessive stress: Long-term stress may affect hormonal levels and thus embryonic development.9. Age factor(a) Age: Females over 35 years of age experience lower egg quality and increased risk of chromosomal abnormalities, which may lead to birth termination.10. Unknown reasonsReasons are unknown: even after a thorough examination, it is not always possible to identify clear reasons, which may be linked to the combination of multiple factors.Prevention and response measuresRegular birth check-ups: periodic prenatal check-ups allow for the timely detection of abnormal embryos.Healthy lifestyle: maintain healthy habits, such as smoking, drinking, balanced diet, exercise, etc.Avoiding harmful exposure: Avoiding exposure to harmful chemical substances and radiation.Timely treatment of diseases: Women suffering from endocrine and immunological diseases should be actively treated before pregnancy.Genetic counselling: Genetic counselling should be provided to couples with a family history of genetic diseases or repeated birth terminations.ConclusionsBirth stoppage is a complex and multifactorial issue, which involves genetic, immunological, endocrine, infectious and environmental aspects. An understanding of the reasons that may lead to abortion and the corresponding preventive and curative measures are essential to increase the success rate of pregnancy. In the case of couples who have experienced abortion, it is recommended that a comprehensive examination and evaluation be conducted under the guidance of a professional physician to find possible reasons and develop individualized treatment programmes.