The reasons why the reduction in the new assisted treatment for breast cancer is not apparent
The new assisted treatment for breast cancer aims to reduce the size of the tumours and to reduce the tumours in order to increase the surgical removal rate and improve the patient ‘ s prognosis. However, post-treatment reductions are not evident for some patients, which affects the effectiveness of treatment. This paper provides an in-depth analysis of the reasons for the lack of significant post-reduction of new assisted treatment for breast cancer, including oncological biological characteristics, treatment programme factors and individual differences in the patient, with a view to providing a reference basis for clinical treatment in order to optimize the new assisted treatment strategy for breast cancer and improve its effectiveness.
Introduction
Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent malignant tumours in women worldwide. New assistive treatment, as an important component of comprehensive breast cancer treatment, has been widely applied in clinical practice. Its main aims are to reduce the tumour period, to increase the hysteria of the operation and to increase the chances of breast-feeding, as well as to assess the tumour ‘ s drug sensitivity in the body and to provide a basis for subsequent assisted treatment. Despite the remarkable results of new assisted treatments among many patients, some of them are still not significantly reduced, a phenomenon that has given rise to a high level of attention and in-depth examination of the underlying causes.
II. Oncological properties
(i) Tumour type
There are significant differences in responses to new assisted treatments for different molecules. For example, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and human skin growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) positive breast cancer have unique biological behaviour. TNBC lacks expression of estrogen receptor (ER), pregnancy hormone receptor (PR) and HER-2, whose tumor cells tend to be more dynamic and invasive. Owing to the lack of effective endocrinological treatment and target-oriented treatment targets, new assisted treatment is largely dependent on chemotherapy, which may have limited lethal effects on this tumour cell, resulting in a low reduction. While HER-2 positive breast cancer can be treated in combination with anti-HER-2 target treatment, some patients may suffer from abnormal activation or other resistance mechanisms due to the presence of tumour cells in the HeR-2 signal circuit, which may result in poor target-oriented treatment and thus affect the overall reduction effect.
(ii) Tumour heterogeneity
Breast cancer is a highly heterogenic tumour, and there are marked differences in the cell in different regions within the tumour in terms of genetic expression, proteomic characteristics and sensitivity to treatment. New assistive treatment may be effective for certain sensitive cell subgroups of the tumour, causing death or growth inhibition, but little for drug-resistant cell subgroups. These drug-resistant cells may have unique genetic mutations, apparent genetic modifications or cytological signalling anomalies that can escape the effects of therapeutic drugs. As treatment progresses, the drug-resistant cell subgroups may gradually grow and dominate, resulting in less significant overall reduction of the tumor and less than desirable downscaling. For example, in some breast cancer tumour tissues, there may be both chemically sensitive cells and drug-resistant cells with multi-drug-resistant genes (MDRs), which can resist the lethal effects of treatment through mechanisms such as active excretion therapy.
III. The treatment programme factor
(i) Inadequate choice of drugs
The choice of new assisted treatments should be based on the molecular stratification of the tumor and the characteristics of the individual patient. However, in actual clinical applications, there may be an inaccuracies in drug selection. If the biological properties and potential therapeutic targets of the tumor are not accurately judged, the drug chosen may not be effective in inhibiting the growth and growth of tumour cells. For example, in cases of hormonal positive breast cancer, effective treatment may be missed if there is no timely use of endocrinic treatment or inappropriate drug choice for endocrinic treatment, as endocrinic treatment is important and effective in this category. Similarly, for HeR-2 positive breast cancer, it is difficult to achieve a significant reduction in tumours without the rational use of a suitable joint programme for anti-HER-2 or for drugs and chemotherapy.
(ii) Inadequate treatment cycles
Newly assisted treatment usually takes some time to function, and drugs need to continue to function in the tumour cell in the body to induce a range of biological processes, such as tumour cell decay and inhibiting tumour vascular formation, thus reducing the size of the tumor and reducing it in stages. If the treatment cycle is too short, the drug may not have reached its full therapeutic effect and the tumour cell is not sufficiently contained, the treatment effects are assessed prematurely and it may be concluded that the reduction period is not significant. In addition, there are differences in the speed of response to treatment from one patient to another, and some patients may need more time to demonstrate a clear treatment effect. Thus, in determining the new assisted treatment cycle, there is a need to take into account a combination of various factors, such as the type of tumour, the stage, the physical condition of the patient, etc., but in clinical practice, there may sometimes be a lack of adequate treatment cycles for various reasons.
IV. Individual differences among patients
(i) Physical tolerance
Patients ‘ physical resistance to new assisted treatment is one of the major factors influencing the effectiveness of treatment. While tumour cells are killed, chemotherapy often has some toxic effects on normal tissues and organs, such as bone marrow inhibition, gastrointestinal reaction, and damage to liver and kidney function. Some patients are less resistant to chemotherapy because of their older age, poor physical base or the combination of other chronic diseases. In the course of treatment, there may be a need to reduce the dose, delay treatment or terminate treatment early because of the inability to withstand the side effects of chemotherapy. This leads to an inability to achieve an effective therapeutic concentration of the drug in the body, thereby affecting the lethality of tumour cells and reducing the reduction period. For example, older patients may experience a reduction in liver and kidney function, influence metabolism and excretion of chemotherapy, increase the accumulation and toxicity of drugs in the body and limit the smooth running of treatment.
(ii) Immunization system functionality
The patient ‘ s own immune system plays an important role in tumour occurrence, development and treatment. The immune system can identify and remove tumour cells, synergize with new assisted treatments and enhance treatment effectiveness. However, some patients may suffer from congenital immunosuppressants, chronic use of immunosuppressants, or other factors leading to poor functioning of the immune system. In such cases, even with the provision of effective new assisted treatments, the lack of strong collaboration with the immune system may make it difficult to completely remove or effectively control the tumour cells, thereby affecting the tumour reduction effect. For example, some breast cancer patients with their own immunological diseases and long-term sugar cortex hormones have a inhibition of their immune system and may have a poor response to new assisted treatments.
Conclusions
The reduction in the post-adjunctive treatment of breast cancer is not clearly the result of a combination of factors. The biological properties of tumours, such as tumour type and tumour heterogeneity, determine the inherent sensitivity and drug resistance of tumour cells to treatment; the rationality of treatment programmes, including drug selection and treatment cycles, directly influence the effects of drugs on tumours; and individual differences among patients, such as body resistance and immune system functions, further regulate the delivery and efficacy of treatment. In order to improve the downscaling effect of new assisted treatment for breast cancer, a comprehensive pre-treatment assessment is required, including the molecular stratification of the tumor, the physical condition of the patient and the immune function. Based on the results of the evaluation, individualized treatment programmes are developed, appropriate drugs are selected and appropriate treatment cycles are established, and the patient ‘ s response to treatment is closely monitored, and treatment strategies are adapted in a timely manner to overcome the disadvantages that may lead to less marked reduction, thus improving the treatment effectiveness and pre-quality of breast cancer patients.
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