What do you know about prostate cancer?

Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers among males, especially among older males, which has increased significantly. Prostate cancer may be a strange and worrying topic for many. In this article, we will learn more about the basics of prostate cancer, including its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and preventive measures.I. Overview of prostate cancer Prostate cancer refers to malignant tumours occurring in the prostate. The prostate is an important part of the male reproductive system and is located below the bladder, surrounded by the urinary tract. Its main function is to scrutinise prostate fluid, a component of semen. According to the Global Agency for Research on Cancer, tens of thousands of men are diagnosed with prostate cancer each year, a trend that has gradually increased in recent decades.II. Causes of prostate cancer The exact cause of prostate cancer is not known, but studies suggest that a number of factors may increase the risk of morbidity. The risk of prostate cancer increases with age, with males over 65 most likely. If a male relative in the family suffers from prostate cancer, the risk of disease increases significantly, especially in the immediate family. Statistics show that men of African descent are more likely to suffer from prostate cancer than other ethnic groups. The incidence of Asian males is relatively low. The increase in testosterone levels (e.g. testosterone) may be associated with the occurrence of prostate cancer. High-fat diets, especially those rich in saturated fat, are considered to increase the risk of prostate cancer.III. Symptoms of prostate cancer Early prostate cancers usually have no significant symptoms, but as the disease develops, there may be symptoms such as frequent, acute, painful or urinating difficulties, or haemorrhagic urination during urination. Cancer cells can spread around tissues and bones, causing pain. Prostate cancer may affect the sexual function of men. Some patients may experience unknown weight loss and sustained fatigue.IV. Diagnosis of prostate cancer Early detection of prostate cancer is essential to increase the cure rate. The doctor examined the shape and size of the prostate by finger, looking for anomalies. PSA is a protein produced by prostate cells, and elevated levels in blood may indicate prostate cancer. If the preliminary test results show abnormalities, the doctor may recommend a prostate biopsy to check the presence of cancer cells in the tissue by sampling. For example, MRI and CT scans help to assess the spread of cancer.Treatment of prostate cancer The treatment of prostate cancer varies from one individual to another, depending on the stage of cancer, the age of the patient, the state of health and the person ‘ s will. For early, low-risk prostate cancers, doctors may recommend “active surveillance”, i.e. periodic examinations without immediate treatment. Prostate hysterectomy is one of the main methods of treating prostate cancer and is aimed at tumours and surrounding tissues. The killing of cancer cells through high-energy radiation can be used to treat restricted prostate cancer or post-operative assistive treatment. Controlling the growth of cancer by inhibiting in vivo hormones (e.g. testosterone) is applicable to late or re-emergence cases. For the treatment of advanced or transmissible prostate cancer, especially when other treatments are ineffective. Some new treatments are being studied and applied to attack cancer cells by activation of the immune system.VI. Prostate cancer prevention Although a fully manageable approach to prostate cancer prevention has not yet been established, some lifestyle changes may contribute to risk reduction: increased intake of fruit, vegetables and whole grains, reduced ingestion of red meat and high fat dairy products is associated with increased risk of prostate cancer and requires appropriate weight; regular exercise; participation in regular physical activity contributes to the improvement of overall health; and, especially among high-risk groups, regular examinations can help to identify problems at an early stage. Prostate cancer, while potentially frightening, can be effectively addressed by learning about it and participating actively in screening and health management. For men, the maintenance of good living habits, care for their own health and regular screening are key to the prevention and early detection of prostate cancer. Prostate cancer