What’s breast cancer? Speculation and treatment of breast cancer
Breast cancer is a malignant neoplasm occurring in breast tissue and one of the most common cancer types among women globally, and may affect men, but the incidence is relatively low. The mechanisms for the incidence of breast cancer are complex and involve a variety of genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors.
Type of breast cancer
Breast cancer is of various subtypes and is classified according to the origin of the cancer cell, degree of differentiation, hormonal receptor state and genetic expression patterns. Common categories include:
Vaccination catheter cancer: The most common type of cancer cell originates in a breast catheter and invades the surrounding tissue.
Leached leaf cancer: The cancer cells originate in the mammary leaf and enter the surrounding tissue.
Non-immersion cancer (in situ cancer): Cancer cells are confined to catheters or leaves and have not yet entered the surrounding tissue.
Special types of breast cancer, including mucous, tubal, breast cancer, etc., have specific pathological characteristics.
Three-negative breast cancer: non-expression of estrogen receptor (ER), pregnancy hormone receptor (PR) and human skin growth factor (HER2) with limited treatment options.
HeR2 positive breast cancer: overexpression of HeR2 protein, sensitive to HeR2 target treatment.
Treatment of breast cancer
The treatment of breast cancer is based on the type of tumour, the period, the age of the patient and the overall state of health, and may include the following methods:
Surgery:
Breast retention: removal of tumors and a certain range of normal tissues around them and retention of most of the breast structure.
Breastectomy: The whole breast is removed and, depending on the circumstances, may include cleaning of the lymph nodes of the armpit.
Rehabilitation: Breast rehabilitation through implantation or self-organisation after mammography.
Radiotherapy: Use of high-energy rays for tumour areas to kill or prevent the growth of cancer cells. Radiotherapy is often used for breast retention to reduce the risk of relapse.
Chemical treatment: The use of drugs to cycling through blood to the whole body in order to kill or prevent the growth of cancer cells. chemotherapy can be used as pre-operative (newly assisted chemotherapy) or post-operative (subsidiary chemotherapy).
Endocrine treatment: For hormonal receptor-positive breast cancer, the use of drugs such as mosaics or aromatic enzymes inhibitors to disrupt estrogens and thus inhibit the growth of cancer cells.
Target treatment: Specific molecular targets for cancer cells, such as Sher2-positive breast cancer, can be drugged with a single target, such as tratoball.
Immunotherapy: The patient ‘ s own immune system is used to identify and attack cancer cells, such as PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors, which show the efficacy of some types of breast cancer.
Supportive treatment: includes pain management, nutritional support, psychosocial support, etc. to improve the quality of life of patients.
The choice of treatment should be determined by a multidisciplinary team, taking into account the patient ‘ s preferences and quality of life, in accordance with the patient ‘ s specific circumstances. In the course of treatment, regular follow-up and testing are essential for monitoring changes in the condition and for early detection of relapse or transfer.
Breast cancer
